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What had been said respecting human hair held good generally 

 in mammalian hair. We found the same three layei'S, differing, 

 though, in such a degree that the animal from which the hair came 

 could be recognized under the microscope. In most animals the 

 cuticle had larger cells, relatively, than in man ; this gave it a toothed 

 and jagged appearance, well-seen in wool fi'om the sheep. In some 

 cases, as in the mouse, but more especially in the bat, the cuticular 

 cells stood out so much as to give the hair a feathered appearance. 

 In some animals the great bulk of the hair was formed of the 

 medullaiy substance, the cuticle being only a very thin layer. 



In comparing the hairs of aniuials with human hair great care 

 was necessaiy, because dog's hair, when brown, was often veiy 

 similar to human. Among the monkeys, some very closely re- 

 sembled man's hair, but the air cells were larger and less crowded. 

 If a collection of hairs from the different orders of mammals were 

 taken, it would be found that in each order there was great 

 similarity, but sufficient diversity to enable the microscopist to 

 predicate the animal from which it had been taken. In some 

 animals two sorts of hair were found, one long, strong, and more 

 or less straight, the other long, curly and twisted — to one the name 

 of fur was given, and to the other the term wool had been applied. 

 Some animals had only wool, which differed from hair in that the 

 cuticular cells or scales were looser than in hair. This gave to 

 wool its value, its property oi felting, i.e., of being so interlaced and 

 entangled by the combined action of heat, pressui-e, moisture, and 

 motion, as to form a cloth-like substance. This property was seen 

 best in the wool of the sheep or that from the rabbit, which latter 

 when mingled with sheep's wool, formed the best kind of felt for 

 hats. The same propei'ty which caused wool to felt caused any 

 woollen material to become closer and thickei" by shrinking, either 

 after exposure to moisture or washing. 



In comparing wool from different kinds of sheep, the 

 greater the number of cuticular cells to the inch the gi'eater its 

 felting property, hence its greater commercial value. Thus, 

 Leicester give 1,850 to the inch, Southdown 2,080, Merino 2,400, and 

 Saxon wool 2,720. This same felting property was found in the 

 wool from some goats, and differed essentially from goats' hair, this 

 was the case with a very fine kind of goat wool called Mohair. 



