1913I The Moraine Systems of Southwestern Ontario. 75 



house. It seems probable that somewhere in this interval this moraine 

 will be found to override the Arkona beaches just as at Alden, N.Y., and 

 in the Lake Huron basin, but the critical ground has not yet been studied. 



Northward from Cope town to the angle on the highland west of 

 CoUingwood the Crystal Beach moraine and whatever others are com- 

 bined with it pass through a rough country, in part of which drainage 

 along the edge of the ice prevented the building of moraines, while in 

 the northern part the ice front rested against the steep face of the escarp- 

 ment, a very unfavourable place for the deposition of terminal moraines 

 and where such small, faint fragments as were deposited are exceedingly 

 hard to identify. The course of the Crystal Beach moraine through 

 this difficult region has not been fully determined. 



Along the front of the ice in this position there was a large glacial 

 river flowing south close to its edge from near Limehouse to a point 5 

 or 6 miles north of Copetown, where it entered lake waters and deposited 

 a considerable quantity of gravel and sand. 



On the north side of Lake Ontario the moraines are fewer in number 

 and no certain correlation having yet been established, they are given 

 separate names. The moraines on this side, excepting those already 

 described, above the base of the escarpment, all turn eastward and join 

 with moraines made by ice coming from the north out of the basin of 

 Georgian Bay, Lake Simcoe and the Trent valley. 



1. The Palgrave Moraine. — This is a short fragment extending 

 south and east from Palgrave, and was made by ice moving toward the 

 northwest. It is a strongly developed ridge with a rough, hilly surface. 

 South of Mono Road it is overlapped by a later moraine and 6 or 7 miles 

 east of Palgrave it unites with a moraine made by the southward moving 

 ice of the Lake Simcoe ice lobe. It laps around the south side of Mt. 

 Wolfe, which is a small till plain standing 150 feet or more higher than 

 the moraine. During the building of this moraine a large river coming 

 from the northwest flowed south along its front. 



2. The Cheltenham Moraine. — This moraine begins about three miles 

 north of Georgetown and extends north along the east side of Credit 

 River, but from Mono Road it keeps a northeastward course through 

 Castlederg and beyond this turns east and unites with the moraine of 

 the ice from the north two or three miles west of Eversley. Its south 

 partis smooth and low and seems clearly waterlaid, and it is less rugged 

 throughout than the Palgrave moraine. One or two small fragments 

 between Georgetown and Limehouse may belong to this moraine, and 

 it probably continues southward along the escarpment. During the 

 time of this moraine there was a large river flowing south along the front 

 of the Palgrave and Cheltenham moraines. This stream occupied the 



