THE HUMMING BIRDS. 327 



trices (except middle pair) greenish basally, black subterminally, and 

 ti])ped with white. 

 They may be distinguished by the following characters: 



a'. Adult males with chin only and a line thence along anterior lateral edge of gorget 

 opaqne black, the remainder of the gorget reddish. 

 hK Gorget fiery metallic crimson or ruby-red, changing to golden red. Rab. eastern 

 North America. T. colubrialAti^. Ruhtj-throated Humming Bird. (Page;5'27.) 

 1)-. Gorget auricula-purple. Hah. Santa Barbara, California. 



T. violajugulum Jeffriks. Violet-ihroatcd Hnmmivg ii(rfZ.(Page l]29.) 

 a-. Adult male with more than upper half of gorgc-t opiqno black. Lower part of 

 gorget metallic violet. Hob. western North America. 



T. alexandri BouRC. and MuLS, Black-chinntd Humming Bird. (Page 331.) 



>/Ruby-throated Humming Bird. Trochilnn coluhris Linn. 

 (Plate XXXVII.) 



Trochihis coluhris Lins., S. N. ed. 10, i, 1758, 1-20.— Wir.s., Am. Oru. ii, 1810, 2G, pi, 

 10, iigR. 3, 4.— NnxT., Man. i, 1832, 586,— AuD., Oru. Biog. i, 1832, 348; v, 1S39, 

 544, pi. 47; Synop. 1839, 170; B. Am. iv, 1842, 190, pi. 253.— Gould, Men. Troch, 

 III, 1861, pi. 131.— B. B. audR., Hist. N. Am. B. ii. 1874, 448, pi. 47, tig. 2. 



Trochihis auriguJaris IjAWR., Ann. Lye. N. H. N. Y. Vli, Feb. 1862, 458, 



Northern Humming Bird (Swainson). 



Red-throated Humming Bird. 



L' Ornismya petit rubis (Mulsant and Verreaux), 



Chupamirto rubi (Ferrari-Perez). 



Chupamirto color de fuego (D'Oca), 



Eange. — In summer, the whole of temperate eastern I^ortu America, 

 north in the interior, to latitude 59°, west to the Great Plains. In 

 winter, from southern Florida (Punta Rassa, Key West, etc.), Bahamas, 

 Cuba, Porto Rico, and eastern Mexico through Central America as far 

 as Veragna : Bermudas. 



Sp. Chae. — Adult male : Chin, and a line thence backward to beneath 

 the eye, opaque velvety black, the rest of the gorget intense metallic crim- 

 son, changing to golden red; tail forked for about 0.30-0.35; length 

 about 3.07-3.75, wing 1.60, tail 1.25, exposed culnien 0.55-0.C5. Adult 

 female: Tail double-rounded, the outer feathers about as long as mid- 

 dle pair (sometimes a little shorter), the middle pair wholly green, 

 the rest green basally, then black, the three outer pairs broadly tipped 

 with white; length about 3.50-3,90, wing 1,80, tail 1.20, culmen 0.70. 

 Young male: Similar to adult ftmale, but throat streaked with dusky, 

 feathers of upper parts more or less distinctly margined with pale 

 buffy, and tail more forked. Young female : Similar to young male, 

 but throat without streaks, and tail more rounded. 



Adult male (No. 2713, Washington, District of Columbia, 1843 ; S. F. 

 Baird) : Above metallic bronze-green, becoming darker and duller on 

 top of the head, where the metallic gloss almost disappears on the fore- 

 head — the green brightest on rump, upper tail coverts, and middle 

 pair of tail feathers ; remiges dull slate-blackish, with a faint purplish 

 gloss; tail-feathers (except middle pair^ darker and with more distinct 



