62 Eev. T. A. Marshall's monograph of 



annulated with fuscous. Wings subfuscous, indeterminately clouded 

 with a darker tint before and underneath the bicolorous stigma. 

 Terebra as long as the body. ^ J. Length, 1^ — 3^; wings, 

 2|— 6 lin. 



Longer and usually larger than the preceding ; the colours more 

 dingy; antennte S' ? 29— 38-jointed ; petiole and terebra much 

 longer. 



The Linnean name of this insect is here restored. 

 There are two females in the Linnean cabinet labelled in 

 that author's handwriting. The species is common 

 throughout Europe, attacking Anohium pertinax, L., 

 striatum, 01., &c., which perforate old woodwork. I 

 obtained a fine series from a hovel, well known to some 

 entomologists, at Camachgouran, near Loch Eannoch. 

 The female raises the abdomen so as to bring the terebra 

 into a vertical position, and explores the burrows of the 

 beetles with the inserted instrument. If disturbed in 

 this operation she will not fly off, and may be captured 

 with the fingers. A similar mode of action is employed 

 by Ephialtcs, and other Ichneumons with a prolonged 

 ovipositor. Reared by Bouche, Boie, Eeinhard, and 

 Brischke from Anohium striatum, 01. By Giraud from 

 Ptilimis 2)ectinicornis, L. ; and I procured many in Devon- 

 shire from the same beetle. Van Vollenhoven reports it 

 as a parasite of Hylosinus fraxini. Fab. According to 

 Eatzeburg it also attacks Orchestes quercus, L., having 

 been reared in June from oak-leaves collected the year 

 before for the purpose of breeding the Curculio ; these 

 leaves had been carefully separated from the twigs, so 

 that no xylophagous Coleoptera could be found among 

 them. The Spathius thus obtained must have been very 

 small, and the fact is so contrary to its habits and 

 structure as to be liable to suspicion. Its accidental 

 presence among the oak-leaves is much more probable. 

 Further observations on the parasitism of this species 

 are desirable, for it seems impossible that a full-sized 

 Spatlmis, nearly 3 lines long exclusive of the terebra, 

 could be nourished within the body even of the largest 

 Anohium. A still stranger fact recorded by Eatzeburg 

 is the rearing of S. exarator by Nordlinger from the 

 lepidopterous Sericoris ? Nordlingeriana, Eatz., and 

 Coccyx Mulsantiana, Eatz., both pupating in cases made 

 of the leaves of Pinus pinaster. 



