166 Rev. T. A. Marshall's monograph of 



than 3, both rugose ; 3d rugulose, more strongly at the base ; the 

 rest smooth. Terebra very short. <? ? . Length, 1 ; wmgs, 2^ Un. 

 Minutely pubescent with pale hairs. Metathorax more coarsely 

 rugose than usual. The rugosity of segment 3 varies in extent, and 

 is sometimes confined to the base, never entirely absent. 



Hitherto only noticed in Devonshire. Gregarious. 

 Bignell reared two broods, of 6 and 7 respectively, from 

 Epinephele lanira, L. ; and I found a batch of 30 cocoons 

 attached to grass near Teignmouth. Very likely these 

 were from Zi/f/cena filipenduJce, L., the larvae of which 

 were feeding round about. Cocoons white, of coarse 

 texture, irregularly piled, connected by a slight web. 

 Brischke says, "from EiipUhccia exifiuata, Hiib. ; cocoon 

 single, yellow, rough," having apparently mistaken the 

 species. 



5. Apanteles riificrus* Hal. 



Microgaster ruficrm, Hal., Ent. Mag., ii., 253, ^ ? . 

 Apanteles rnficrus, Eeinh., Berl. ent. Zeit., 1880, 

 p. 368, <y $ . 



Black ; palpi testaceous ; squamulte, belly at the base, and legs, 

 rufo-testaceous ; hind coxae more or less, and tips of the hind 

 femora, black ; hind tarsi, and often the tips of the hind tibife, 

 fuscescent. Wings subhyaline, iridescent, stigma pale fuscous. 

 Mesothorax and scutellum thickly punctate, dull ; pleurae the same, 

 with a smooth space beneath the wings. Metathorax nigulose. 



''■'• This is most probably the species of which Goureau gives us 

 tlie life-history under the name Microgaster globatus, L. ? (Ann. 

 Soc. Fr., 1845, ser. 2, iii., pp. 855 — 361, pi. vii., ff. 1 — 5). It was 

 parasitic on a fi;ll-fed Noctua-larva, thought to be Hadena olera- 

 cea, L., found feeding on the leaves of Iris pscwdacorus on June 1st. 

 The maggot is described as 4 mm. long and ^} m. in diameter, green, 

 cylindrical, soft, footless, glabrous, attenuated anteriorly; head 

 ])rown ; inouth transverse, cartilaginous, at the extremity of a 

 luuzzle ; upper lip trilobed, lower entire ; two black ocular points 

 upon the second segment ; body consisting of 12 segments, those 

 after the head furnished with lateral tubercles by the help of which 

 the maggot escapes from the body of the victim. Sixty of these 

 maggots emerged on June 5th, and spun white cocoons gregariously 

 under a common web. The perfect insects appeared on June 14th, 

 and were all dead by the 17th. In the larval state they live by 

 suction upon the juices of the adipose tissiie ; the soft structure of 

 the mouth being not adapted for tearing or masticating solid sub- 

 stances. Tlieir lluid aliment is constantly secreted by the digestive 

 powers of the caterpillar, which probably suffers little inconvenience, 

 showing no other signs of disease than a voracious appetite and a 

 somewhat retarded growth. Goureau's views upon this subject are 



