188 Rev. T. A. Marshall's monograph of 



and the cocoons ; from spurius by the stout elongate 

 spurs of the hind tibiae, and the cocoons ; from gracilis 

 by larger size, and the absence of a carina on the meta- 

 thorax. 



Common. The cocoons are flesh-coloured or buff, 

 like those of juniperatcB ; a few, by some accident, are 

 more yellow. The maggots, on leaving the body of their 

 victim, make separate naked cases, without clustering 

 together. From 1 to 20 issue from a single caterpillar, 

 according to its size : Bignell has obtained from a speci- 

 men of Selenia hilunaria, Esp., a single A. difficilis 

 accompanied by one of A. caherce. A. difficilis has been 

 reared frequently from Bombyces, more sparingly from 

 Zygcence, Noctuce, and Geoinetrce. In Fitch's collection 

 are 17 specimens on one card, bred from Boinhyx rubi, 

 L., by Meldola. Bignell's numerous broods are from 

 Zygcena filipendulce, L., Euchelia jacohcea, L., B. rubi, 

 L., Ag7'otis prcecox, L., Hadena pisi, L., Ainphidasys 

 betularius, L., A. strataria, Hufn., and Phigalia pedaria, 

 Fab.; the last were mixed with A. glomeratus, L., pro- 

 bably because some of the cocoons were unusually tinged 

 with yellow. Fitch has reared a brood from a young Arctia 

 caia, L. ; and a second lot in his collection were obtained 

 by Sotheby (16 specimens) from Melanippe galiata, Hiib. ; 

 a third by E. A. Butler from Selenia bilunaria, Esp. 

 According to Ratzeburg the species has been reared from 

 Arctia Hebe, L., Spilosoma fuliginosa, L., PoecHocampa 

 popidi, L., and Diloba cceruleocephala, L. Those recorded 

 by Nees as coming from Arctia caia, L., are doubtful, and 

 may belong tohisvar. ^.^perspicmis, Nees=cai(e,Bouche, 

 which is a distinct species. Brischke gives the following 

 list of victims out of which he has bred this parasite ; 

 those above mentioned are not repeated. Smerinthus 

 populi, L., Zygcena trifolii and meliloti, Esp., ephialtes, 

 L., Leucoma salicis, L., Lasiocampa ilicifolia, L., 

 Lophopteryx camelina, L., Notodonia dictcea, L., Acronycta 

 euphorbice, Fab., Miselia oxyacantlue, L., Aplecta tincta, 

 Brahm, Oduntoptera bidentata, Clerck, Eupithecia cen- 

 taureata. Fab., pimpinellata, Hiib., and sobrinata, Hiib., 

 Melanippe galiata, Hiib., ^i\(\.Eucosmia certata, Hiib. 



