282 Mr. Fonlion' s fnrther notes upon the 



reason why this should be the case, for the ova are thus 

 protected to a large extent from rain and sun, besides 

 being sheltered from observation. After a few days a 

 depression appears on the upper surface, and the colour 

 becomes less delicate and transparent. Soon afterwards 

 the ovum is opaque, yellowish, and mottled with bright 

 green. The young larvae emerged July 16th — 18th, 

 their development being thus very rapid. 



Stage I. — The following statements depend upon the 

 observation of about fifty larvffi fed in separate divisions 

 upon privet, lilac, and ash. It may be regarded as 

 certain that these young larvae generally eat part of the 

 egg-shell after emergence. I did not see this actually 

 taking place, but I watched it in the case of Smerintlius 

 ocellatus, and a comparison of what was left of the shells in 

 both cases showed that S. ligustri has the same habit. 

 The amount eaten was very variable, but was never more 

 than three-quarters of the whole, and often there was 

 an aperture barely large enough for emergence. In 

 such cases the larvae cannot have eaten the shell after 

 hatching. 



The larva just after emergence was 5*25 mm. long 

 when extended in walking, and the horn was 3 mm. long. 

 Sometimes, however, the horn was very nearly as long 

 as the body. The colour of the body is a pale, transparent, 

 very slightly greenish yellow, the head being much greener 

 than the body (see fig. 1, x 4, Plate VII). The horn is 

 black, but the upper half of its length is transparent and 

 greenish, because the green internal fluid shines through 

 the dark exterior. It certainly cannot be called " green," 

 as Kleemann states. The horn tapers very slightly 

 and is straight, except that the upper part is bent 

 downwards in a gentle curve. The blunt tip is bifid, and 

 each process ends in a fine and fairly long bristle, so 

 that the structure is prong-like when view^ed from above. 

 The body is thinly clothed with long fine black hairs. 

 These are arranged in four rows, two dorsal (one on 

 each side of the middle line), and two lateral (a little 

 above the spiracles). Each of these four rows is made 

 up of two hairs on each segment, from the 1st to the 

 7th abdominal (both inclusive). Posterior to the latter 

 the hairs are more abundant, but still thin, and without 

 definite arrangement. Upon the thoracic segments the 

 hairs are arranged so as to continue the four lines 

 described above, but they are less numerous (at any rate 



