326 Mr. I'ou.lion's further notes upon the 



round the oblique stripes is much yellower and brighter than 

 elsewhere. The larva is shagreened all over, but the stripes become 

 continuous at an earlier period than in the third stage. The purple 

 borders are darker anteriorly and inferiorly, becoming black in the 

 darker individuals (there is great variability). 



Fig. 6, natural size. — Larva of the same species at the beginning 

 of the fifth (and last) stage immediately after ecdysis. The larva 

 in this stage is well known. For a few hours after ecdysis the horn 

 and sides of the head are gi-eenish, gradually becoming black. 

 The shagreen dots (terminating in hairs) are also present, but very 

 minute, and the " 8th stripe " is visible. Very soon these 

 characters cease to be recognisable, although the scattered white 

 points which form the anterior inferior extremities of the stripes 

 remain to the end, and are true shagreen dots, for each of them 

 has a minute hair upon it. There are also very small but distinct 

 dots on the ventral aspect of the body. Traces of shagreening can 

 even be detected at first upon the caudal horn, which later becomes 

 very smooth and polished. 



Fig. 7, a and b, natural size. — Two abdominal segments from 

 the central part of the body of a full-grown larva of S. ligustri, 

 viewed from the left side, showing phytophagic differences. The 

 larva from which (a) was drawn had been fed upon lilac for its 

 whole life, while (b) had been fed upon privet. Both are dark 

 varieties, but it is seen that (a) has a darker duller ground colour, 

 and the purple border is not bright, as in (b). It is very difficult 

 to bring out the differences between the larvse in a figm-e. Too 

 many annuli are represented on the segments : there should be 

 eight upon each. 



Fig. 8, X 3 diam. — The head and anterior segments of the larva of 

 S. ligustri at the close of the second stage, viewed from above. 

 The figure shows the subdorsal, distinct in front, faint behind, 

 between the 1st and 2nd oblique stripes. These markings are 

 formed of yellow shagreen dots. The " 8th stripe " and line above 

 the subdorsal are formed of white dots, among which the larger 

 spots are conspicuous. The annulation of the segments is shown, 

 and it is seen that the dots composing the markings are separated 

 by the furrows between the annuli. 



Fig. 9, X 4 diam. — The 1st and 2nd abdominal segments of the 

 larva of 8. ligustri, rather strongly contracted, just after the third 

 ecdysis (fourth stage). The segments are looked at from above. 

 At this early period in the stage the aiTangement of the shagreening 

 is well seen, and the relation of the dots covering the body 

 generally to those forming the markings. It is seen that there is 

 a ring of dots upon every annulus in the segment, and that a 

 single dot in each ring becomes much enlarged and very white 



