collected in, Southern Afghanistan. 345 



common in countries where C. hyale is not now found ; 

 where, in fact, if C. hijalc ever did occur, it is now 

 extinct, and is replaced by these varieties or new species, 

 both terms, where the normal form is pushed out by a 

 new and constant type, being synonymous ; and I do 

 not quite understand why he blames naturalists for 

 giving these new forms new specific names, because a 

 synonym is absolutely necessary to enable one clearly to 

 record the habitat of the variety or new species. I could 

 not, for instance, record C. erate, C. pallida, and C. 

 sareptensis as Afghan varieties of C. hyale, because forms 

 of exactly the same kind are found in many other 

 countries, and therefore I must be thankful that I can 

 enter them as C. erate, C. pallida, and C. sareptensis, 

 because, though they may all have descended from 

 C. hyale, and though the latter may still have occasional 

 varieties like all three, still the three in many countries 

 where C. hyale does not now exist are very plentiful, 

 very constant, and very unlike tpyical C. hyale, and 

 have, in point of fact, become new species. 



40. Teraeolusfausta. 



Papilio fausta , Oliv., Voy. dans I'Emp. Ottom. Atlas, 

 pi. 33, f. 4, a, b (1801). 



Quetta, September ; Kandahar, October and November. 

 Common. 



Major Howland Eoberts also took a few at Kandahar 

 in June and July. It is the common form of this genus 

 in Persia, Afghanistan, Beloochistan, and Sind. 



HESPEEIID^. 



41. Paviphila karsana. 



Hesperia karsana, Moore, P. Z.S., 1874, p. 576, pi. 

 Ixvii., fig. 6. 



Quetta, September ; Kandahar, October and November. 



Not common ; four pairs taken in all. 



42. Erynnis marrubii. 



Hesperia malvaruvi, var. marrubii, Kambur, Herr.- 

 Schaff., Schmett. Eur. I. Hesp., f, 14, 15 (1845). 



Quetta, May and September; Kandahar, April, October, 

 and November. Very plentiful. 



