423 



concentrically in several rows like a flower-bud, and in such a 

 way that their peripheral extremities form a circular opening, 

 and the central extremities are attached by ramified processes 

 to the fibrous substance of ihe papilla. The inner, or bacillary 

 cells, occupy all the small space left in the centre of the whole 

 of the protective cells. They are spindle-shaped structures, 

 which are furnished at their outer end with fine hair-like pro- 

 cesses projecting slightly beyond the rest, and which, centrally, 

 are believed to be connected with terminal nerve-fibres, 

 though this connection has not been absolutely made out. 

 F. E. Schulze (ibid., p. 407) describes very similar structures 

 from the tongue of an amphibian larva {Pelohatcs fiisciis), 

 Avhich were discovered by Strieker in 1857. They are goblet- 

 shaped, or better, bud-shaped structures, composed, like the 

 similar organs in the tongue of Mammalia, of two kinds of 

 cells, to which Schultze gives the name of sensory cells and 

 supporting cells, regarding the former only as connected with 

 the nervous system. They resemble in general the bacillary 

 cells of Wyss, above described. From ten to thirty may be 

 contained in each " bud." Schultze points out that in their 

 fine hair-like processes they resemble the " gustatory cells " 

 of fishes, described by himself in 1862; the " olfactory cells " 

 of the Schneiderian membrane ; the " auditory cells " of the 

 ear; and certain cells in the lateral line of fishes, described 

 also by himself. In all these cases the central extremity of 

 the cell is believed, with more or less certainty, to be iu con- 

 nection with nerve-fibres, so that such cells represent the real 

 peripheral terminations of the nerves of special sense. 



Dr. Ihlder, of Gottingen, Avorking under the guidance of 

 Professor Krause (lleiciiert's ' Archiv,' 1870, p. 238), has 

 investigated the terminations of nerve-fibres in the ton^rues of 

 birds. He traces them into oval concentric clubbed bodies 

 like the terminal clubs seen in other parts by Krause, and 

 names them after Herbst, their discoverer. Krause has pre- 

 viously observed similar structures in various organs of birds. 

 Epithelium. — Professor Krause (Reichert's 'Archiv,' 1870, 

 p. 232) describes certain peculiar cells from the lowest layer 

 of the corneal epithelium in the sheep, in which the nucleus 

 is replaced by a granulated corpuscle. 



Termination of Nerves i?i TJnstriped Muscle. — Krause 

 C Reichert's ' Archiv,' 1870, p. 1) describes the termination of 

 nerves in an unstriped muscle from the rabbit. The examin- 

 ation was best made without the addition of any fluid. The 

 medullated fibres were seen to break up into fine threads 

 with a single contour, which finally ended in peculiar " end 

 platten," composed of three or four nuclei. Tliese are few 

 iu comparison with the number of fibres, so that each fibre 



