3(5 E. LÖNNBERG, THE ICHTHYOLOnY OF THE CASPIAN SRA. 



This table is prepared from the measurements and an- 

 notations made at Kulali in April last spring. The herring 

 canght there at that time was regarded by the lishermen as 

 belonging to two different varieties. One of these was called 

 »pusanok) and had, as a rule, bigger eyes and greater depth 

 of body than the other form called »selodki . In other re- 

 spects it is difficult to find any distinguishing characteristics 

 so that I think it is best to restrict myself to the communi- 

 cation of this table at present. 



As these three species of herring difier with regard to 

 their ehoice of food, in the same way they also have different 

 habits with regard to their rej)roduction. CJupea KessJeri, 

 the strongest form with a firm coat of scales, ascends the 

 Volga as far as to Nishnij Novgorod according to Grimm. 

 C. caspia extends its wanderings only to Saratov according 

 to the same anthor, but C. saposltnilovi not further than to 

 the delta. Perhaps the latter is also able to propagate in 

 the sea. In the middle of April I fonnd at Petrovsk speci- 

 mens of this kind with ova ^/s mm. in diameter and, as a 

 rule, they were \/2 mm. in diameter at that time and place; 

 but not in all were the ovaries as miich developed. On the 

 contrary some looked quite sterile. Also in C. caspna the 

 eggs were V^ mm. in diameter at Petrovsk in the middle of 

 April. Comparing the number of each sex I found 10 — 20 

 specimens of C. saposhnil-ovi to 1 male at Dolgoi and Kulali. 



But Avhen the herrings ascend the river in spring the 

 males seem to come first. Therefore, the last days of April 

 about 10 males were fonnd to one female, as well of C. cas- 

 j)ia as of C. KessJeri in the Volga delta. 



C. Kessleri seems to have the most limited range in the 

 north-western parts of the Caspian Sea. C. caspia, too, in- 

 habits chiefly the western parts, but I saw it as far south 

 as in the neighbonrhood of Baku. But only small specimens 

 in this latter place. Towards the east it is scarce as it 

 seems. I only saw^ a few specimens at Dolgoi and Kulali. 

 C. saposhnikoci is distributed all över the Caspian Sea; at 

 least from Dolgoi to Krasnovodsk and from the Volga delta 

 t'> Baku wliere 1 saw large specimens. 



