38 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VOL. I. 



Their subsidence was owing to the melting away of an immense glacier 

 or icefield that extended all along the northern shore and cut off the 

 exit of the water from the great chain of lakes by the St. Lawrence. 

 Previously the outlet was through the State of New York, by Rome and 

 Utica, and by the Hudson river. When it assumed its present level, 

 Scarboro Heights formed a promontory which extended probably a mile 

 into the lake. The heavy storms from the long reach of lake from the 

 cast produced their abrading effects on the promontory, and the abraded 

 material was deposited to the west. This was the beginning of the 

 Island, which has simply been added to from the same source, and by 

 the same cause, acting through an unknown period of years. Mr. Clark 

 acknowledged his indebtedness to the writings of Messrs. Hind, Sand- 

 ford Fleming and Kivas Tully for a large portion of his paper. 



FORTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING. 



Forty-first Annual Meeting, 3rd May, 1890, the President in the chair. 



Donations and Exchanges since last meeting, 49. 



The Annual Report was read and adopted. 



It was resolved, " That this Institute has learned with regret of the 

 death of Mr. John Notman, who for a long number of years an active 

 and valued member of the Institute, and for ten years its Treasurer, 

 assisted materially in aiding and building up the Institute ; that this 

 meeting recognizes the loss the Institute has sustained, and conveys to 

 Mrs. Notman and family the assurance of its sympathy in their great 

 sorrow.' 



E. J. Cousins and William Cutts were elected members. 



Messrs. Hamilton, Macdougall, Ridout, Boyle, and Chamberlain were 

 appointed a Committee to make arrangements for the summer meeting 

 of the Institute at Niagara. 



On motion of Mr. Chamberlain, seconded by Mr. Keys, it was 

 resolved, " That the thanks of the Institute be tendered to the city news- 

 papers for the notices of the meetings which have appeared in their 

 columns, and especially to the Mail for the fulness with which it has 

 published the reports of the meetings." 



