166 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VoL. I. 



But three days after disinfection germs appeared in litre 500, and the 

 moment the free Hme disappeared from the water. 



June 14th, a tremendous increase in germs was noticed. 



Results, therefore, were unsatisfactory. 



A second experiment with 25 kgrms of lime gave same results. 



Experiments similar to those on artesian wells with spores of hay 

 bacillus and blue milk bacillus, and culture of micrococcus prodigiosus, 

 showed that 20 kgrms lime was capable of removing them from water. 



It is evident from above experiments that a complete disinfection of 

 kettle wells is impossible by means used, but that for the destruction of 

 germs which might possibly get in from above, immediate use of con- 

 siderable quantity of lime be recommended. 



He concludes that the evidence against the kettle wells is very strong, 

 agrees with Pflugge (Zeit. fur Hygenie Bd. II. s. 406) in calling them 

 " hygienic monsters." 



He strongly recommends their replacement in all cases by tube wells. 



These experiments are to me intensely interesting, published as they 

 were at a time when I had undertaken to determine, with such time and 

 ability as were at my disposal, the bacterial relationships of waters 

 existing under a number of different conditions. 



On the 5th of July last the works were opened at the London Asylum 

 in connection with the sewage farm intended to dispose of the 

 sewage from that Institution. Under the superintendence of the 

 public works department, the plans prepared by Colonel Waring 

 were completed. The sewage was to be pumped daily to the 

 farm by Webber's centrifugal pump, which finely divided the solids it 

 contained. At the farm the sewage was turned into a number of open 

 ditches 2 feet deep by 6 at top and 2| at the bottom. Alternating with 

 these were flat beds 12 feet wide graded to a level surface. Under each 

 alternate bed was a field tile drain 4 feet deep, increasing to 6 at the 

 further end of the field, where they join a common effluent tile, this lead- 

 ing to an open ditch known farther down as Carling's creek. This flat 

 bed is composed of a very sandy soil some five acres in extent, and is 

 supplemented by a field of some ten acres graded for surface irrigation. 

 One-third of the ditches were flooded each day, but the extremely dry 

 weather prevented even a portion of the field from becoming saturated 

 during July and August, and so prevented the attainment of one 

 object of the experiment, viz., the comparison of the biological character 

 of the water running from the effluent tile as compared with the several 



