()2 SVEN" LOVKX, OX THE ECHINOIDEA DESCRIBED BY LINN.EU3. 



The series begins witli this comraon northern species, the 

 type of tJie geniis in its modern sense, apparently thelargest^) 

 of known Eehinoids, recent or fossil, and the only one LiN- 

 N-Eus had seeu fresh from the sea. Alreadv in 1746 he had 

 introduced it in the Fauna Suecica with the short diao-nosis: 

 »Snbglobosus; vcrticc plano), the reference to Lister, and the 

 habitat: in oceano Norvegico. In his Travels in Scania, 1751, 

 lie relätes that when he was at Krapparp, south of the Kullen 

 promontor\\ on the 14 of July 1749, the proprietor of that 

 estate had ordered that of every kind ol marine animals cap- 

 tured during the night a specimen should be brougth to 

 LiNN.EUS the following moruing, and continiies, after the notes 

 taken on Fishes and Crustacea: 



»The Borre, Echinus (Fn. 1289), is caught here frequently, 

 ofteu as laro-e as a childs head, and with orano-e-coloured 

 spines. It is globose, and not compressed, and when the spines 

 are removed, one sees their »vestio-ia dio-esta in areas ö bi- 

 lidas; punctis callosis adspersas, lineisque transversis hinc inde 

 exaratas; inter singulas majores areas minor areola ejusdem 

 structura>. Anus in ccntro verticis pentagoni apicibus puncto 

 ]»erforati. Us sub basi animalciili connivens quinqiie dentibus. 

 This croature is never tised for food here, but abroad it is 

 miioli caten». 



In his Ijecture in the auturan 1752 LiNN.EUs dictated the 

 diagnosis: heraisph;ierico-globosus, ambulacris denis, areis obso- 

 lete verrucosis», which, not long before, he had written down 

 at Drottningholm, and which is seen again nnaltered in S. N. 

 cd. 10, 1758, Fn. S. ed. 2, 1761, S. N.^^ed. 12, 1767. By the 

 descriptiou given in the M. L. U., which has been justly 

 called masterly, Linn.eus carefuUy distinguishes this species 

 from the two next as well as from the third, all of which 

 might, ar tliat time, have been confounded with it. 



') DuHEX Å: KoREX measured a Norwegian specimen. 147 mm. ia 

 'liametei-, 115 mm. in height. In our State Museum is a specimen of the 

 Echinus acutus Lamck, from the west-coast of Sweden, of respectively 

 l.'57 mm. and 111 mm. In the E. esculentus L. the relation between dia- 

 meter and hei<jht varles greatly. Among 1-i specimens taken at random, 

 the diameter in one specimen is 93 mm. and the height 60 mm., or 0,6i5, 

 vvhile lu another of nearly the same size, diameter 95 mm., the height 

 is 86 mm. or 0,90. The average diameter is 102.42 mm., the height 74.62 

 nnii. or 0,728. The relative dimensions of diameter and height generally 

 have little value as a specific character. Young specimens are always 

 fl ätter. 



