CONTENTS 



CHAPTER PAGE 



Introduction. — The Relations of Birds to Man .... 1 



I. — The Methods of Studying the Food of Birds . . 9 



II. — The Development of Economic Ornithology 17 



III. — The Vegetable Food of Birds 27 



IV. — The Animal Food of Birds 42 



V. — The Amount of Food consumed by Birds 59 



VI. — Birds as Begulators of Outbreaks of Injurious Animals 68 

 VII. — The Belations of Birds to Predaceous and Parasitic 



Insects 81 



VIII. — The Thrushes and their Allies 86 



IX. — The Nuthatches, Titmice, Creepers, and Wrens . . 105 



X. — The Warblers and the Vireos 112 



XI. — The Shrikes, Waxwings, Swallows, and Tanagers . . . 122 



XII. — The Finches and Sparrows 132 



XIII. — The English Sparrow 144 



XIV. — The Orioles, Blackbirds, Crows, and Jays 156 



XV. — The Flycatchers, Humming-Birds, Swifts, and Nighthawks 174 



XVI. — The Woodpeckers, Kingfishers, and Cuckoos 181 



XVII.— The Owls 195 



XVIII. — The Hawks, Eagles, Kites, and Vultures 205 



XIX. — The Pigeons, Grouse, and Shore-Birds 219 



XX. — The Water-Birds 239 



vii 



