356 APPENDIX IV. 



1897. Real, F. E. L. Recent Investigations of the Food of 

 European Birds. The Auk, vol. xiv., pages 8-1-i. 



Review of papers by Hollrung and Gilmour; remarks on 

 methods of estimating percentages of food. 



1897. Beal. F. E. L. The Blue Jay and its Food. United 

 States Department of Agriculture, Yearbook, 1896, pages 

 197-206. 



General remarks on habits and distribution of blue jay, fol- 

 lowed by an account of examination of two bundled and ninety- 

 two stomachs. The bulk ot the food was found to be of vegetable 

 origin, namely mast, the amount of fruit and cereals being 

 small. In certain seasons of the year many insects were eaten, 

 few of them beneficial. But a very small percentage of the 

 whole consisted of vertebrate remains, thus giving little support 

 to the reports of damage done by eating small birds, nor were 

 birds' eggs eaten to any extent. The relative proportions of 

 the various foods varied remarkably from season to season. 



1897. Beal, F. E. L. Some Common Birds in their Relation 

 to Agriculture. United States Department of Agricul- 

 ture, Farmer's Bulletin, No. 54. 



A short popular discussion of the food habits of a number 

 of birds of more or less importance to the farmer. Treats 

 of the black and the yellow-billed cuckoos: the downy, golden- 

 winged, hairy, red-shafted, and red-headed woodpeckers; the 

 yellow-bellied woodpecker or sapsucker; the kingbird; the 

 phcebe ; the blue jay; the bobolink or rice-bird; the red-winged 

 blackbird; the meadow-lark or old field-lark; t he Baltimore 

 oriole; the crow blackbird; the song, chipping, field, and tree 

 sparrows; the snowbird; the rose-breasted grosbeak, the barn, 

 cliff, and white-bellied swallows, and the martin; the cedar-bird; 

 the cat-bird; the brown thrasher; the house-wren; the robin; 

 and the bluebird. Most of these species are shown to be highly 

 beneficial in their feeding habits. 



1897. Bruner, L. The Birds of Nebraska. Nebraska State 

 Horticultural Society Report, 1896, pages 98-178, fifty- 

 one figures. 



Notes on the distribution, food habits, etc., of birds of Ne- 

 braska, with list of forms found within the State. Corrected 

 to April, 1806. 



