ON JULINIA. 11 



testis could be founds although the vas deferens was usually 

 full of spermatozoa. In one or two cases, however, the testis 

 was developed. It consisted (PL 3, fig. 26) of a number of 

 follicles lying in the connective tissue in the intestinal loop, 

 connected by branching tubes with the vas deferens and 

 showing groups of developing spermatozoa in each. In one 

 specimen (badly preserved, unfortunately) the follicles are 

 considerably larger than those figured, and the lower part of 

 the vas deferens is very much distended (to "3 mm. diameter) 

 with spermatozoa. No definite relation between the states of 

 maturity of ovary and testis such as would suggest the 

 occurrence of protandry or protogyny could be demonstrated. 



The vas deferens is usually about '06 mm. in diameter, and 

 is composed of cubical epithelium, probably ciliated. Its 

 hinder part is much convoluted, though not spirally coiled as 

 in the Didemnidse ; in front it pursues an undulating course 

 to open close beside the anus. 



The spermatozoa are linear, slightly curved, about '001 mm. 

 in length, and bear long flagella. 



Buds. — Numerous buds in various stages of development 

 are scattered in the substance of the test just below the layer 

 of ascidiozooids. All of them, even the youngest, lie quite 

 free and unattached, usually alongside a vascular process (PI. 

 1, figs. 5 and 6). In no case did I succeed in tracing a con- 

 nection with the parent animal, and the origin of the buds 

 must therefore be left undecided — more particularly since 

 Hjort ('Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neap.,' x, pp. 588 and 589) has 

 contested Herdman's account of the process of " stolonial " 

 budding in the Botryllidse. In view of the obscurity still 

 involving many points in the process of bud development in 

 the Tunicata, it did not seem advisible to attempt a detailed 

 examination of our very minute and imperfectly preserved 

 specimens. One point of interest, however, is the presence of 

 several large cells, apparently ova, in all the buds examined 

 (PI. 3, figs. 29 — 31). The appearance of these buds with their 

 contained ova closely resembles those figured by Kowalevsky in 

 Distaplia ('Arch. f. niikr. Anat.,' x, 1874). Heidraan also 



