oN Dy Wx 
ABSORPTION of moisture by earth, amount of, 
uncertain, 22 
AprRonpDACcKS, forest, geographical importance 
of, 327 
lakes of, 493 
Arrica, Northern, artesian wells in, 478-482 
desert of, atmosphere and scenery in, 572 
AGRICULTURE of the United States, products of, 
%3 
AKABA, fresh water on sea-beach at, 477, ote 
ALBANO, iake of, artificial lowering of, 427 
AMERICA, NORTH, primitive physical condition 
of, 17. 
scientific observation of its physical changes, 
44 
forests of, 326 et seqq. 
forest trees of, compared with European, 
334-342 
dunes of, 575 
hydrographical improvements in, 625-627 
ANIMALCUL, or infusorial life, importance of, 
145-147 
ANIMALS, WILD, sympathy of ruder races with, 
38, note 
wild, instinct, modification of, 39, note 
large marine, unimportant in geography, 96 
extinction of, 105 
domestic, origin and transfer of, 86 
ANIMAL LIFE, as geographical agency, 80 
remains of, volume of, 80, note 
extirpation of, by man, 91, note 
APENNINES, effects of felling woods of, 153 
APPIAN Way, the level of, raised, 642 
AQUATIO PLANTS, action of, in raising level of 
marshes, 30, ote 
AQUEDUCTS. geographical and climatic effects 
of, 446 
ARABIA PETRA, sandstone of, 483, note ; 546, 
note 
sands and petrified wood of, 548, note 
ARAGUA, valley of, 220 
ARDECHE river, floods of, 256-262 
ARGOSTOLI, subterranean marine currents at, 
470, note 
ARMIES, introduction of foreign vegetables by, 
69 
ARNO, floods of, 539, note 
ARTESIAN WELLS, ascent of fluids in, 476 e 
seqq. 
ancient, 478, note 
in Algeria, 478-481 
at St. Louis, 480, note 
deepest, 480, 220te 
Auk, the wingless, extirpation of, 122 
AUSTRALIA, as field of physical observation, 51 
AVALANCHES, trees as protection against, 290 
BaBINET’s plan for artificial springs, 485, 486 
BAVARIA, scarcity of fuel in, 323, note 
BEAVER, action of, in producing bogs, 83 
constructs canals, 83, note 
cause of increased numbers of, 92 
BEE-HONEY, introduction of, into the United 
States, 136 
BEE-HUSBANDRY in Italy, 136, note 
BERGAMO, change of climate in the vicinity of, 
164, note 
Birps, geographical importance of, 111 
introduction of foreign, 113 
destruction of, 115-125 
how far useful or injurious by preying on 
insects, 119, note 
migration of, 120, 121 
seek shelter from cold under snow, 212, note 
Bison, domestication of, 88, 399, note 
numbers of, in the United States, 90, note 
numbers of, annually destroyed, 95 ; 
BuastTs, powder, remarkable, 403, note 
Bogs, floating, 29 
quantity of, 28, note 
how formed, 29 
formation of, by beavers, 88 
