SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION 19 



Vascnlares or Cotyledoneae, and CeUulares or Acotyledonese, 



the characters of which he described as foUows : — 



Division 1. Vasculares, or Coti/Iedonece ; that is, plants possessing 



both celhilar (parenchjanatous) tissue and vessels ; 



and having an embryo with one or more cotyledons. 

 Division 2. CeUulares, ov AcotyledonecB ; that is, plants composed 



of cellular (parenchymatous) tissue only ; and 



whose embryo is not furnished with cotyledons. 



The former division was again divided into two classes, called 

 Exogense or Dicotyledone-cP, and Endogenie or Monocotyledoneae, 

 the essential characters of which may be thus stated : — ■ 

 Class 1. Exogence,oicDicotyledone(E ; that is, plants whose vessels 

 are arranged in concentric layers, of which the 

 3^oungest are the outermost and the softest ; and 

 having an embryo with opposite or whorled cotyle- 

 dons. 

 Class 2. Endogencc, or MonocotyledonccE ; that is, plants whose 

 vessels are arranged in bundles, the youngest being 

 in the middle of the trunk ; and having an embryo 

 with solitary or alternate cotyledons. 

 These classes were again di\ided into sub-classes or groups. 

 Thus, rmder the Dicotyledoneie were placed four groups, named 

 Thalamitlorse, Calyciflorae, CoroUiflorae, and MonochlamydeaB. 

 Under the Monocotyledoneie two groups were placed, called 

 Phanerogamae and Crj^ptogamae. The latter group included 

 what are now called the Vascular Cryptogams, or Pteridophyta. 

 The Acotyledonese were also divided into two groups, called 

 Foliosae and Aphylla?. 



The following is a tabular view of De CandoUe's system. 



Sub-Kingdom 1. — -Vasculares, or Cotyledone.e. 



Class 1. ExogencE, or Dicotyledonecc . 



i Petals distinct, inserted with 



Sub-Class 1. Thalamijlorce -j the stamens on the tha- 



^ lamus. 



/Petals distinct or more or 



2. Calyciflorce - less united, and mserted on 



i the calyx. 



., ^ ,,.^ (Petals united, and inserted 



d. Corollifiorce i i.i„ -i i 



■^ ( on the thalamus. 



. - r 7 7 -I I Having only a single circle or 



^ { noral envelopes, or none. 



o2 



