THALLOPHYTA— FUNGI 



71 



they are prodnced. The sporoph^'te rarely occurrmg, it follows 

 that the}'' generall}' arise upon the ganietophyte. In most cases 

 they are small romided bodies, each with its cell-wall. They 

 jnsbj be produced singly in a cell, as in the Schizomycetes, or 

 in groups of four or eight, as in the Ascomycetes. In most 

 Phycomycetes they are produced in great numbers in globular 

 or club-shaped sporangia or gonidangia {fig. 823) borne upon 

 special aerial hyphse, termed gonidiopliores. In other cases the 



Fig. H2l. A. Branched mycelium of Ciisfopus witli j^oung oo.gouia, og, og. 

 B. Portion of mycelium hearing oogonium, og, with the oosphere, (w ; and 

 antheridium or polliiiodinm, <tn. c. Mature oogonium, with os, the 

 oospore. D. Mature oospore, e, f. Formation of swarm- spores or zoo- 

 spores, G, from the oospores. ?, /. Protruded endospore. After De Bary. 



spores are never in a sporangium, but are produced from 

 special hj^plipe hy a process of abstriction or budding, leading to 

 the formation of strings of them, called stylogonidia {fig. 824). 

 Usually each spore ultimately becomes free.- In one group, the 

 Uredineae, the^' remain together, m number two or more 

 {fig. 825), each of which can germinate while associated with the 

 others. These are sometimes looked upon as compound spores, 

 though each one is actually independent. This form is known 

 as a teleutospore. There is some doubt as to whether the 



