MONOCOTYLEDONES 219 



poisonous. Some of the species serve to bind together the sand 

 on the seashore, and thus prevent the encroachment of the sea 

 on the neighbouring coast. (See also Properties and Uses of 

 the Cijperacece.) 



Artificial Analysis of the Orders in the Class. 



MONOCOTYLEDONES. 



{Modified from Lindley.) 



Sub-Class I. — Petaloide.e. 



1. Flowers with an EvroENT Perianth. 

 A. Ovary inferior {Infer cp or Ejngynce). 



a. Floivers gynandrous. 



Ovary 1-celled. Placentas parietal . . . Orchidacece, 

 Ovary 3-celled. Placentas axile . . . r^ Apostasiacece. 



h. Flowers not gynandrous. 



1. Veins of leaves diverging from the midrib, 



and parallel to each other. 

 Embryo enclosed in endosperm. 



Anther 2-celled. Filament one, not pe- 



taloid ....... Zingiheracece. 



Embryo not enclosed in endosj)erm. 



Anther 1-celled. Filament one . . Marantacece. 

 Anther 2-celled. Filaments more than one Musacece. 



2. Veins of leaves diverging from the base, and 



parallel to the midrib. 

 Stamens 3. 



Anthers extrorse ..... Iridacece. 



Anthers introrse Burmanniacece. 



Stamens 6. 



Anthers extrorse Burmanniacece. 



Anthers introrse. 



Leaves equitant ..... HcemodoracecB. 

 Leaves flat. 



Fruit 1-celled Taccacece. 



Fruit 3-celled. 



Outer whorl of the perianth petaloid AmaryJIidaeece. 

 Outer whorl of the perianth not pe- 

 taloid BromeliacecB. 



Stamens more than 6 Hydrocharidacece. 



