402 



MANUAL OF BOTANY 



membranous, with transverse dehiscence ; lAacenta free central. 

 Seeds 1, 2, or more, with a mucilaginous testa; embryo trans- 

 verse, in fleshy albumen. 



Distribution and Numbers. — They abound in cold or tem- 



FiG. 1178. 



Fig. 1179. 



/•'/;/. 1178. Plant of a species of 

 llib-grass {Plantago), witli 



radical leaves. /'/>/. 1179. 



Flower of tlie same. 



perate climates, but are more or less diffused o\er the globe. 

 Illustrative Genera : — Littorella, Linn. ; Plantago, Linn. There 

 are more than 100 species. 



Properties and Uses. — Generally of little importance ; but 

 some are demulcent, and others astringent. 



Artificial Analysis of the Orders in the Sub-class Gamopetalce 



or Corollifiorce. 



^•^" A few orders belonging to the Sub-class Polypetalse, the flowers of 



which are sometimes gamopetalous, are also included in this analysis. 



Ovary inferior. 



A. Ovary usually 1-eelled. 



a. Anthers united. 



Ovule solitary, pendulous ..... Calyceracece. 

 Ovvile solitary, erect ...... ComjJOsitcB. 



b. Anthers distinct. 



Fruit with 1 perfect cell and 2 rudimentary 



ones. 

 Seed exalbuminous ..... Valerianacece. 

 Fruit 1-celled, and without any rudimentary 



ones. Seed albuminous .... DipsacecB. 



B. Ovary with more than 1 cell, 

 a. Anthers united. 



Leaves alternate ...... LoheliacecB. 



