ON THE ANTHRACARID A, ikaw 
the entire limb, @. e., at least the first and second joints; the third joint could not have been of 
large size, a feature distinguishing the Bryonidze as well as Astacids and the higher Macrurans 
in general. The first and fifth pair seem to be of about the same size; the third and fourth pair 
of legs are a little larger than the others and but little longer than the width of the carapace. — It 
is untortunate that uo specimens have yet been found with the first pair of limbs entire, but the 
fact that the two basal and perhaps the third joints are no larger than those of the other pairs of 
feet indicates that this form differed from all the fossil and recent Eryonidi, and is a character of 
so much importance as to forbid our regarding Anthrapalemon as a member of that family; the 
only other alternative being to consider if as a type of a distinet family. Of the four hinder pairs 
of legs the three terminal joints of the limbs (these affording the diagnostie characters) are pre- 
served, and the proportions are much as in the four hinder pairs of thoracic legs of the existing 
deep-sea Pentacheles; of the three joints the proximal and middle ones are long and slender, the 
inner one longer than the outer of the two; the distal (terminal) joint is rather short and pointed, 
and apparently chelate. Meek and Worthen remark that the legs are not divided; whether they 
meant that the legs are not divided as in the Schizopoda, or simply referred to the terminal joint 
alone, does not appear, but in the specimen before us (No. 200pp) the last joint appears to he 
chelate, since what seems to be the smaller inner finger is partly but tolerably well preserved, the 
crust or derm itself being preserved. Yet we may be mistaken.* In Meek and Worthen’s figure, 
the terminal joints are drawn as undivided. If this is the case, they resemble the four hinder 
legs of Munida, Eumunida, and Anoplotes. 
The abdomen is rather short and broad, as in the Galatheide, and consists of seven segments, 
counting the telson as the seventh. 
The general appearance and relative size of the telson, together with the last pair of abdominal 
appendages, is much as in the Eryonidie, with some important differences. The telson, unlike that 
of any other Macruran, fossil or recent, so far as [am aware, is differentiated into three portions ; 
the basal central piece is somewhat polygonal, a little longer than broad; it is separated by a 
distinct suture from a small triangular terminal piece which forms the apex of the telson. Between 
the outer half of the entire telson and the inner ramus of the uropoda is a large broad lobe which 
is fringed with sete. At first ] regarded it as a subdivision of the inner lobe of the last uropoda or 
abdominal feet, but no instance among the Decapoda is known to us in which the Jast pair of 
uropoda have more than two lobes or divisions, and I have therefore been inclined to associate the 
innermost of the three setiferous lobes with the telson, and to regard the telson as divided into 
two median and two lateral lobuiar setiferous portions. Whether the two lobes belong with the 
telson or uropoda I will leave for the present an open question. The only group in existence in 
which the telson is so remarkably differentiated is the Galatheidee. In Munida the telson is 
divided by sutures into four pieces, the two terminal ones lobate and edged with setie of the same 
size as those of the uropoda. In Eumunida of Smith the telson is “short and broad, more or 
less membranaceous, and divided by a transverse articulation, so that the distal part may be 
folded beneath the basal part.” In Anoplotus politus, like the foregoing, a deep-sea Galatheid, 
“the telson is stiffened by eight distinct calcified plates; a broad median basal plate, with a small 
one on either side at the base of the uropod, and a small median one behind it, and between a pair 
of broad lateral plates, still behind which there is a second pair, which meet in the middle line and 
forin the tips and lateral angles.” Professor Smith’s figures of Munida, Eumunida, and Anopotus 
are here reproduced from electrotypes kindly loaned by Professor Baird, U.S. Fish Commission.t 
From the nature of the differentiation of the telson in the Galatheidee [ am inclined to believe 
that the telson of Anthrapalemon is subdivided in somewhat the same manner. If so, we cannot 
refer the genus to the Eryonid, and we would therefore regard it as the type of a distinet family 
which may thus be briefly characterized : 
Family Anthracaridw: Body rather broad and slightly flattened ; first antennw with two long 
— *In none of the six Scottish Carboniferous species of Anthrapaliemon described by Mr. B. N. Peach, do either of 
the thoracic limbs appear to be chelate. 
t Preliminary report on the Brachyura and Anomura dredged in deep water off the south coast of New England, 
by the U. S. Fish Commission, in 1880. By S. I. Smith, Proce. U.S. Nat, Museum, 1883, June 18. 
S. Mis. 15418 
