42 FISHES FROM BRAZIL 



color having brassy reflections. The under parts are clear white, and the 

 side is crossed with longitudinal light pearly stripes. A white stripe runs 

 back from the maxillary to below the base of the preopercular spine, in- 

 volving the upper half of the maxillary. The vertical limb of the pre- 

 opercle is edged with white. The dorsal spines are light yellow, and the 

 membrane between them is pink. The other fins are pinkish, and the iris 

 is dark red. 



Family SCOMBRID^. 



131. Scomberomorus cavallo (Cuvier and Valenciennes). 



This species is common in the market at Para, where several specimens 

 about a foot in length were obtained. 



These specimens do not have fewer dorsal spines than S. maculatus, as 

 alleged by Week and Newland (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. p. 233, 1884), 

 nor is the spinous dorsal without a black blotch anteriorly, as stated by Jor- 

 dan and Evermann (Fishes of N. and Mid. Am., p. 875). Compared with 

 S. maculatus the teeth are much more compressed and wider at the base in the 

 mandible and not so numerous, there being only 8 or 10 on each side. The 

 species may be most readily recognized by the very short, scarcely developed, 

 gill-rakers which are less than half the pupil in length. 



132. Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill). 

 A single large specimen was taken in Natal. 



Family TRICHIURIDyE. 



133. Trichiunis lepturus Linnaeus. 



Only a single specimen, a couple of feet in length, was taken at Para, 

 but it is an extremely common species, especially at Ceara. Great quantities 

 of them are dried and they may be seen in the stores at Ceara and Natal in 

 big bales corded together like so much firewood. 



The bones are subject to hyperostosis, or a deposition of bone cells on 

 the surface of the normal bones until they are several times their ordinary 

 size. It appears in the form of tubercles, or abrupt enlargements of irregular 

 size scattered over the interspinous bones at irregular intervals, and not con- 

 fined to certain bones as appears to be the case among the species of the 

 family Carangidae. 



The specimen at hand resembles Evoxynietopon tceniatus Poey in color 

 but in no other respect. There are conspicuous orange-colored longitudinal 



