Animals Before Man 



were covered with a pointed sheath of true 

 horn,* such as is found in cattle, but that they 

 were simply encased in tough, callous skin. 

 The very first of the titanotheres were com- 

 paratively low of stature, and their horns were 

 small knobs, well back over the eyes. As we 

 come upward in the rocks and onward in time 

 we find the horns growing larger and larger 



Heads of the first and last of the Titanotheres. (From statu- 

 ettes by Charles R. Knight.) 



and their owners bigger and bigger, until the 

 animals were the size of a small elephant, the 

 skull a yard long, and the horns a foot high 

 and on the very end of the nose. Specializa- 

 tion could go no farther, and then the race 



* Just here the writer is at the mercy of the English language, 

 which calls the projections of the skull horns, applies the same 

 term to their epidermal covering, and to the solid nasal horn of 

 the rhinoceros and sometimes to the antlers of deer. 



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