THE TRIASSIC PERIOD. 203 
(7) ‘Monograph of the Permian Fossils of England’ (Palzeontographical 
Society). King. 
(8) ‘Monograph of the Permian Brachiopoda of Britain’ (Palzeonto- 
graphical Society). Davidson. 
(9) «*Onthe Permian Rocks of the North-West of England and their 
Extension into Scotland ’’—‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. xx. 
Murchison and Harkness. 
(10) ‘Catalogue of the Fossils of the Permian System of the Counties of 
Northumberland and Durham.’ Howse. 
(11) ‘ Petrefacta Germaniz.’ Goldfuss. 
(12) ‘ Beitrage zur Petrefaktenkunde.’ Miinster. 
(13) ‘Ein Beitrag zur Palzeontologie des Deutschen Zechsteingebirges.’ 
Von Schauroth. 
(14) ‘Saurier aus dem Kupfer-schiefer der Zechstein-formation.’ Von 
Meyer. 
(15) ‘Manual of Paleontology.’ Owen. 
(16) ‘ Recherches sur les Poissons Fossiles.’ Agassiz. 
(17) ‘Ichnology of Annandale.’ Sir William Jardine. 
a ‘Die Fossile Flora der Permischen Formation.’ Goeppert. 
(19) ‘Genera et Species Plantarum Fossilium.’ Unger. 
tae) ‘On the Red Rocks of England of older Date than the Trias’ 
—‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. xxvii. Ramsay. 
CHAPTER “XV. 
THE TRIASSIC “PERIOD: 
We come now to the consideration of the great A/esozorc, or 
Secondary series of formations, consisting, in ascending order, 
of the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous systems. The Trias- 
sic group forms the base of the Mesozoic series, and corre- 
sponds with the higher portion of the New Red Sandstone of 
the older geologists. Like the Permian rocks, and as implied 
by its name, the Zrzas admits of a subdivision into three 
groups—a Lower, Middle, and Upper Trias. Of these sub- 
divisions the middle one is wanting in Britain; and all have 
received German names, being more largely and typically de- 
veloped in Germany than in any other country. Thus, the 
Lower Trias is known as the Bunter Sandstein ; the Middle 
Trias is called the AZuschelkalk ; and the Upper Trias is known 
as the Keuper. 
I. The lowest division of the Trias is known as the Bunter 
Sandstein (the Gres bigarré of the French), from the generally 
variegated colours of the beds which compose it (German, 
bunt, variegated). The Bunter Sandstein of the continent of 
Europe consists of red and white sandstones, with red clays, 
