THE PLIOCENE PERIOD. 323 
which case it must have possessed a long tail. The JJesopz- 
thecus of the Upper Miocene of Greece is also one of the lower 
Fig. 248.—Lower jaw of Pliopithecus antiguus. Upper Miocene, France. 
Monkeys, as it is most closely allied to the existing Macaques. 
On the other hand, the Dryopithecus of the French Upper 
Miocene is referable to the group of the ‘‘ Anthropoid Apes,” 
and is most nearly related to the Gibbons of the present day, 
in which the tail is rudimentary and there are no cheek- 
pouches. Dryofpithecus was, also, of large size, equalling Man 
in stature, and apparently living amongst the trees and feed- 
ing upon fruits. 
CRAP TER xs 
LAE PLIGCENE! PERTOD: 
The highest division of the Tertiary deposits is termed the 
Pliocene formation, in accordance with the classification pro- 
posed by Sir Charles Lyell. ‘The Pliocene formations contaie 
from 40 to 95 per cent of existing species of JZo//usca, the re- 
mainder belonging to extinct species. ‘They.are divided by Sir 
Charles Lyell into two divisions, the Older Pliocene and Newer 
Pliocene. 
The Pliocene deposits of Britain occur in Suffolk, and are 
known by the name of “ Crags,” this being a local term used 
for certain shelly sands, which are employed in agriculture. 
Two of these Crags are referable to the Older Pliocene, viz., 
