406 
Screw-pines, 230. 
Scutella, 311; subrotunda, 312. 
Sea-cows (see Sirenia). 
Sea-lilies (see Crinoidea). 
Sea-lizards (see Enaliosaurians). 
Seals, 322. 
Sea-mats and Sea-mosses (see Polyzoa). 
Sea-shrubs (see Gorgonidz). 
Sea-urchins (see Echinoidea). 
Sea-weeds, 80, 81, 83, 97, 136, 164, 261. 
Secondary period, 44 
Sedimentary rocks, 15. 
Senvnopithecus, 322, 331. 
Septaria, 31. 
Sequoia, 306, 309, 310; Couttsicw, 309; 
gigantea, 309; Langsdorfir, 309. 
Serolis, 84. 
Serpents (see Ophidia). 
Serpulites, 123. 
Sewalik Hills (see Siwalik Hills). 
Sheep, 355. 
Shell-sands, 19. 
Sigillaria, 168, 169; Greeseri, 168. 
Sigillarioids, 136, 168, 170, 196. 
Silicates, infiltration of the shells of For- 
aminifera by, 34, 74. 
Siliceous rocks, 20, 32. 
Siliceous Sponges, 265. 
Silicification, 13, 14. 
Silurian period (see Lower Silurian and 
Upper Silurian), 90-114, 115-132. 
Simosaurus, 219; Gaillardoti, 219. 
Siphonia, 264 ; jficus, 265. 
Siphonostomatous Univalves, 237, 271, 293. 
Siphonotreta, 110. 
Surenia, 299, 320; of the Eocene, 299; of 
the Miocene, 315. 
Siren lacertina, 200. 
Sivatherium, 318; gigantewm, 319. 
Siwalik Hills, Miocene strata of, 307. 
Skiddaw Slates, 101. 
Sloths, 315, 349-351. 
Smilax, 308. 
Smithia, 173. 
Snakes (see Ophidia). 
Soft Tortoises, 296. 
Solarium, 271. 
Solenhofen Slates, 228. 
Solitaire, 346, 348. 
Spalacotherium, 254. 
Spatangus, 311. 
Spherospongia, 139. 
Sphagodus, 130. 
Sphenodon, 218. 
Sphenopteris, 136, 165, 196. 
Spiders of the Coal-measures, 181. 
Spider-shells, 237. 
Spindle-shells, 237. 
Sptrifera, 125, 147, 184, 198, 284; ecrispa, 
127; disjuncta, 147; hysterica, 126; 
mucronata, 147; Niagarensis, 127; ros- 
trata, 235; sculptilis,147 ; trigonalis,185. 
Spiriferide, 147. 
Spirophyton cauda-Galli, 135, 164. 
Spirorbis, 123, 148, 178; Arkonensis, 144 ; 
Carbonarius, 178; laxus, 144; Lewisii, 
123 ; omphalodes, 144 ; spinulifera, 144. 
Spirulirostra, 312. 
Spondylus, 269; spinosus, 270. 
Sponges, of the Cambrian, 81; of the 
Lower Silurian, 98; of the Upper Silu- 
rian, 119; of the Devonian, 139; of the 
INDEX. 
Carboniferous, 171; of the Permian, 
197; of the Trias, 209; of the Jurassic, 
230; of the Cretaceous, 264, 265. 
Spongilla, 197. 
Spongillopsis, 197. 
Spongophyllum, 173. 
Spore-cases, of Cryptogams in the Ludlow 
rocks, 118 ; in the Coal, 163. 
Squirrels, 322. 
Stagonolepis, 218. 
Staircase-shells, 271. 
Stalactite, 21. 
Stalagmite, 21. 
Star-corals, 231. 
Star-fishes, 105, 120, 210. 
St Cassian Beds, 205, 206. 
Stephanophyllia, 266. 
Stereognathus, 253, 254. 
Stigmaria, 169; ficoides, 169. 
Stonesfield Slate, 227; Mammals of, 253. 
Strata, contemporaneity of, 44. 
Stratified rocks, 15-18. 
_ Streptelasma, 105. 
Streptorhynchus, 198. 
Stromatopora, 98, 99, 118, 139 ; rugosa, 99; 
tuberculata, 140. 
Strombodes, 119; pentagonus, @04. 
Strombus, 271. 
Strophalosia, 198. 
Strophodus, 255. 
Strophomena, 109, 110, 125, 147, 184; 
alternata, 110; deltoidea, 109 ; jilitexta, 
110; rhomboidalis, 147, 148; subplana, 
ye 
Sub-Apennine Beds, 325. 
Sub-Carboniferous rocks, 158, 161. 
Succession of life upon the globe, 367-374. 
Suida, 302, 317, 329. 
Sulphate of lime, 22. 
Sus Erymanthius, 317; serofa, 354. 
Synastrea, 209. 
Synhelia Sharpeana, 266. 
Synocladia, 198; virgulacea, 198. 
Syringopora, 119, 173 ; ramulosa, 174. 
Tabulate Corals, 104; of the Lower Silu- 
rian, 105; of the Upper Silurian, 119; 
of the Devonian, 142; of the Carbon- 
iferous, 172; of the Permian, 197. 
Talpa Europea, 336. 
Tapiride, 300. 
Tapirs, 300. 
Tapirus Arvernensis, 327. 
Taxocrinus tubercuiatus, 122. 
Taxodium, 262, 308, 31. 
Teleosaurus, 251. 
Teleostean Fishes, 150; of the Cretaceous, 
276. 
Telerpeton Elginense, 218. 
Tellina proxvma, 338 
Tentaculites, 129, 148 ; ornatus, 129. 
Terebra, 293. 
Terebratella, 268 ; Astieriana, 268. 
Terebratula, 184, 234 ; digona, 235; elon- 
gata, 168; hastata, 185; quadrijida, 
235 ; spheroidalis, 235. 
Terebratulina, 268 ; caput-serpentis, 268 ; 
striata, 268, 
Termites, 311. 
Terrapins, 280, 296. 
Tertiary period, 44, 284-287. 
Tertiary rocks, classification. of, 284-287 
