SPERMATOPHYTA 8 1 



Cretaceous of North America (occurring from the Rockies to 

 New Jersey), Greenland and Europe, and it continued to have 

 a cosmopolitan range throughout the Tertiary ; a late Pleisto- 

 cene species from France and 

 Italy is almost identical with 

 the living form. 



(3) The poplar (Populus) is 

 known to have lived during 

 Comanchean time in Virginia 

 and Greenland, throughout 

 North America and Greenland 



Fig. 29. — A, a fossil relative of the walnut family, Engelhardtia (Oreomunnea) 

 mississippiensis Berry, from the Eocene of Mississippi (X \). B, sketch map 

 showing the existing distribution of Engelhardtia (vertical lining) and fossil 

 occurrences (stars). There is here an indication of movement southward as 

 the northern regions became colder, and of the obliteration of this tropical genus 

 from Europe, where southward migration during the glacial period was prevented 

 by the transverse shores of the Mediterranean Sea. (From Berry.) 



during the Cretaceous, and in Europe, North America and 

 Arctic lands in the Tertiary. 



