414 



INDEX — GLOSSARY 



Atremata, a subdivision of the in- 

 articulate brachiopods characterized 

 by absence of pedicle opening. Liu- 

 gula is an example. 



Atrypa, 189, 190, 202; A. reticularis, 22, 

 192, 202, 203. 



Aulopora, 136; A. re pens, 136. 



Aves, 369-373 ; teeth, etc., see birds. 



Avicularium, 173, 174- 



Aviculopecten, 231 . 



Axial lobe in trilobites, 286, 287, 295. 



Axis, bone of the cat, 325. 



Axonolipa, 116, 118. 



Axonophora, 116, 118. 



Baboons, 400. 



Back, see lumbar. 



Backbone, of birds, 372; of cat, 324. 



325, 326 ; of fish, 346, 348 ; of reptiles, 



358, 360, 362, 367- 

 Bacteria, 6, 33 ; absence of chlorophyl 



in, 3 ; food getting in, 29. 

 Bactrites, 263-264; B. gracilior, 264; 



transitional characters of, 261. 

 Baculites, 267; B. compressus, 267, 268. 

 Balancing organs, see otocysts and semi- 

 circular canals. 

 Balano gloss us, 322, 409. 

 Balanus, 305 ; B. balanoides, 306. 

 Bald cypress, 73, 74; distribution of, 



present and past, 73. 

 Ball-and-socket joints, of echinoids, 168; 



of vertebrates, 328. 

 Banana, 78. 

 Bandicoots, 378. 

 Barbados earth, 94. 

 Barnacles, 151, 305-306; acorn, 305; 



degeneracy of, 305 ; fossils of, 3.05 ; 



geologic age of, 305 ; goose, 305 ; 



habitat of, 305 ; ship, 305 ; skeleton 



of, 305 ; young compared to adult 



ostracod, 305. 

 Basal plates, of blastoids, 158 ; of corals, 



125, 126. 

 Basihyoid, bone of the cat, 525. 

 Batocrinus, 149. 

 Bats, 379; fruit-eating, 379; geologic 



range of, 379 ; habitat of, 374 ; insect- 

 eating, 309. 

 Bdello stoma, 323. 

 Beak, of brachiopod shells, 183, 188; of 



pelecypod shells, 216. 



Bear, arrival in North America, 375. 



Bear tribe, 381. 



Beavers, 381, 382, 383; habitat of, 374. 



Beech, 77. 



Beekmantown formation, fossils from, 

 37; geologic age of, 37. 



Bees, 78, 319. 



Beetles, 318, j/p. 



Belemniies, 269, 271-272, 271 ; B. 

 densus, 271 ; as an index fossil, 272 ; 

 compared to the squid, 271 ; food of 

 ichthyosaurs, 358 ; funnel of, 271 ; 

 guard of, 271, 271; phragmocone of, 

 271, 272 ; proostracum of, 271, 272 ; 

 protoconch of, 271 ; restoration of, 

 271; siphuncle of, 271, 272; skeleton 

 of, 271-272, 271 ; sutures of, 271. 



Belemnoids, including forms like Bel- 

 emnites, restoration of, 18; siphuncle 

 of, 261. 



Belinurus, 311, 312. 



Bellerophon, 244, 245. 



Belodon, 365. 



Bennettites, 65. 



Bertie formation, fossils from, 315 ; 

 geologic age of, 315. 



Big trees, 73. 



Bilateral symmetry, with the individual 

 parts arranged symmetrically along the 

 two sides of an elongate axis as in the 

 earthworm, cat, etc. 



Biogenetic law, see recapitulation. 



Birch, 77. 



Bird lice, 318. 



Birds, 369-373; ankle-joint of, 374; 

 bones hollow, 369; cervical vertebrae 

 in, 326; comparison of respiration to 

 that of insects, 370; development of 

 egg, 370; development of feathers, 

 369; evolution in, 371; evolution of, 

 372; exoskeleton of, 369; fossil, 371- 

 373, 370, 372; geologic range of, 409; 

 gizzard of, 369; lungs of, 370; migra- 

 tion of, 370 ; number of digits in, 328 ; 

 respiration of, 369 ; sclerotic plates in, 

 335 ; teeth of, 369, 372. 



Bison, 398; arrival in North America,37S. 



Bizarre forms, in evolution, 363. 



Bladder, of pelecypods, 213; of verte- 

 brates, 330. 



Blastoidea, 157-159; see blastoids and 

 Penlremites. 



