4i6 



INDEX — GLOSSARY 



nervous system of, 175 ; protection of, 

 174; reproduction of, 176; respira- 

 tion of, 175; tentacles of, 174, 175. 



Bulk, excessive, in the extinction of 

 species, 374. 



Burgess formation, fossils in, 285, 308; 

 geologic age of, 285. 



Burlington formation, fossils from, 180; 

 geologic age of, 180. 



Burrows, 16. 



Busycon, 234-241 ; B. canaliculatus, 

 234-241, _'J5, 23S, 23q; blood circu- 

 lation of, 237; columella of, 238, 239; 

 development of, 239 ; digestion of, 237 ; 

 digestive system of, 236 ; egg capsule 

 of, 23Q, 239 ; embryos of, 239 ; excre- 

 tion of, 237; eyes of, 238; food of, 

 237; foot of, 238; habitat of, 234; 

 heart of, 237 ; introvert of, 236 ; 

 muscles of, 238; nervous system of, 

 237; operculum of, 2 J5, 239 ; osphra- 

 dium of, 238 ; otocysts of, 238 ; pro- 

 toconch of, 23Q, 240 ; respiration of, 

 235; sexes of, 239; shell of, 235, 

 238, 238; siphon of, 235, 23s; sur- 

 vival of young of, 240; type of 

 Streptoneura, 244. 



Butterflies, 78, 31Q, 319. 



Byssus, 21/. 



Caecum (plu. csca), a cavity open at one 

 end, 184, 188; ofcat, jjo; of cepha- 

 lopods, 256; of crustaceans, 27Q; of 

 lobster, 279; use of, 184. 



CcBnolestes, 378. 



Catamites, 21, 48, 49-50, 350; C. 

 suctiowi, 4Q. 



Calamoichthys, 345. 



Calcaneum, of cat, 325, 327; of mam- 

 mals, 325, 38s. 



Calcarea, 98, 102. 



Calcareous algae, 37-40. 



Calcite, distinguished from aragonite, 26 ; 

 in animals, 25. 



Calcium carbonate, in corals, 125. 



Calicoblasts, 125. 



Caltinectes hastatus, 307 ; C. sapidus, 

 307- 



Cattixylon oweni, 68. 



Callosity, a hardening and thickening 

 of the skin or bark due to friction. 



Callus, in gastropods, 243. 



Calvert formation, fossils from, 34, 342 ; 

 geologic age of, 34, 342. 



Catymene, 297-298 ; C. niagarensis, 2Q7, 

 298 ; enrollment of, 291 ; eyes of, 292. 



Calyx (plu. calices), according to deri- 

 vation a husk or covering; of Caryo- 

 crinus, 755; of corals, 126, 132; 

 of crinoids, 163; of cystoids, 154, 133; 

 of plants, 76. 



Cambarus, 275-284, 307; C. bartoni, 

 276; absorption in, 281 ; appendages 

 of, 275, 276 ; blood circulation of, 281 ; 

 blood of, 281 ; body of, 275 ; carapace 

 of, 277 ; development of, 283 ; diges- 

 tive system of, 280; distinguished 

 from Astacus, 307; eggs of, 283; 

 excretion of, 282 ; extent of chitinous 

 skeleton, 277 ; eyes of, 282 ; food of, 

 280 ; habitat of, 275 ; molting of, 

 277-278; muscles of, 278 (compare 

 279) ; nervous system of, 282-283 ; 

 reproduction of, 283 ; respiration of, 

 281 ; sense organs of, 282-283 ; skele- 

 ton of, 276-277; smell in, 283; 

 stomach of, 280; touch, sense of, 

 282. 



Cambrian, 407. 



Cambrian fossils figured, 37, 122, 2Q5. 



Camels, 397 ; causes of extinction of, 

 375 ; evolution of, in North America, 

 397 ; in North America, 375 ; number 

 of digits in, 328. 



Camptopteris, 47. 



Canidae, 381. 



Canine teeth, of the cat, 331. 



Capillaries, 332 ; of crustaceans, 281. 



Capuchins, 399. 



Carapace, of the crayfish, 275, 276, 277; 

 of turtles, 365, 366. 



Carbon dioxid, in Amoeba, 86; in cat, 

 2>i2, ; in plants, 29 ; in Protozoa, 86. 



Carboniferous, 407. 



Carboniferous fossils figured, 49, 50, 

 52, 54, 55, 57, 58, 91, 158, 170, 180, 

 188, 199, 26s, 350. 



Carbonization, 13; process of, 13. 



Carcharodon, 342 ; C. megatodon, 342. 



Cardiidae, 221. 



Cardinal, pertaining to the hinge. 



Cardinal area, 188. 



Cardinal extremities of brachiopod 

 shell, 188. 



