430 



INDEX — GLOSSARY 



Involuntary muscles, 329, 331. 



Iron, in petrifaction, 12. 



Iron fossils, preservation of, 15. 



Ischium, of birds, 372 ; of cat, 32 j, 328 ; 



of mammals, 323, 328 ; of reptiles, 360, 



367- 

 Ischypterus, 347 ; /. lenticularis , 347. 

 Isoetes, 52. 

 Isopoda, 291, 306. 

 Isopods, 291, 306. 

 Isoptera, 318. 



Isotelus, 288, 296 ; /. gigas, 2q6, 296. 

 Ivory, of elephant's molar, 387. 

 Ivy, 77- 



Japanese spider crab, 307. 



Jaw, of the cat, lower, 324, 325 ; upper, 

 324, 325- 



Jelly-fish, no, 121; fossil, 122; im- 

 pressions of, 18 ; trails of, 16. 



Jennings formation, fossils from, 136; 

 geologic age of, 136. 



Jet, 71. 



Joint, ball-and-socket, in echinoids, 168. 



Joints in vertebrates, ball-and-socket, 

 328; hinge, 329; immovable, 329; 

 intertarsal, 369; in the cat, 328, 329; 

 recognition of in fossils, 329; separa- 

 tion of, 329. 



Julus, 309. 



Juniper, 74. 



Jurassic, 407. 



Jurassic fossils figured,, 63, 64, 160, 271, 

 358, 360, 361, 362, 370. 



Kangaroos, 378. 



Kaskaskia formation, fossils from, 158; 



geologic age of, 158. 

 Keel, in birds, 369, 372. 

 Keyhole limpet, 245. 

 Kidneys, in cat, 330, 332 ; in pelecypods, 



213 ; work of, 332. 

 Kinderhook formation ; fossils in, 265 ; 



geologic age of, 265. 

 Knee-cap, see patella. 

 Kustarachnida, 316. 



Labial palps, 212. 



Labrum, in crustaceans, see hypostome. 



Labyrinthodonts, a division of the 



Stegocephalia, 352; relation to the 



anomodonts, 356. 



Lace-collar trilobite, 297. 



Lacewing flies, 319. 



Lacuna, a vacant space in the tissues 



of plants and lower animals serving in 



the place of vessels for the circulation 



of the body fluid, or blood. 

 Lake deposit of Florissant, 6. 

 Lamina of a vertebra, 326. 

 Laminaria, 36 ; L. saccharina, 43. 

 Lamna, 342. 

 Lamprey-eels, 337. 

 Langurs, 400. 

 Lariosaiirus, 356. 

 Larva (plu. larvae), of echinoids, 169; 



of mollusks, 207; of starfish, 153. 

 Larval shell, in pelecypods, 218. 

 Larval stage, in pelecypods, 217. 

 Larynx, 326, 330, 333. 

 Lateral line in fish, 344, 344. 

 Lateral teeth, 20Q, 216. 

 Laurel, 77. 

 Leaf-bases, in the cycadeoids, 61 ; in 



cycads, 66. 

 Leaf-bud, fossil, 62. 

 Leaf-cushion, 51, 52 ; in Sigillaria, 54. 

 Legs, movement of, in crustaceans, 278. 

 Lemurida;, 399. 

 Lemuroidea, 399. 

 Lemurs, 399. 

 Lens of eye of cat, 334. 

 Lepas, 305, 382. 

 Leperditia, 304 ; L. alta, 304. 

 Lepidodendron, 51-54, 350; L. modula- 



tum, 52 ; amphibians, in, 352. 

 Lepidoptera, 78, 319, 31 q. 

 Lepidosiren, 344. 

 Lepidosteiis, 347. 

 Lepidostrobus, 54. 

 Leptcena, 197; L. rhomboidalis, 192, 797; 



young shell of, IQ7. 

 Leptolinae, in, 113, 120. 

 Leucocytes, 175, 281. 

 Lice, bird, 318; book, 318; plant, 320. 

 Lichens, 41. 

 Ligament, 214; C-spring, 210, 217; in 



pelecypods, 20Q, 210, 211, 214, 221; 



origin of, 221 ; pit, 221. 

 Lily, 77, 78. 

 Lime carbonate, in animals, 25, 26 ; in 



plants, 27. 

 Lime phosphate, 26. 

 Lime secretion, in algae, 38; in corals, 125. 



