104 WILLIAMSON, ON FORAMINIFERA. 
Fertile workers are far more numerous in the Ants, 
Wasps, and Humble Bees; so much so that one can scarcely 
examine a dozen specimens without finding several in this 
condition. Indeed, in one nest of V. germanica, about half 
the workers were fertile. They appear also to be more 
numerous in autumn than in summer, 
As in the bee, so also in the ants, the ovary of the fertile 
workers has much fewer egg-tubes than that of the queen ; 
in the humble bees, on the contrary, there 1s no such dif- 
ference. The author, however, never met with a worker wasp 
or humble bee which had been impregnated. 
Huber long ago observed that in the Humble Bees the 
eges laid by workers always produced males. M. Leuckart 
has convinced himself that the eggs of worker wasps are 
fertile, and Gundelach (‘ Nachtrag zur Naturgesch. der Honig- 
biene,’ § 2) has observed the same in the Hornet, but in 
these two cases the sex of the offsprimg was undetermined. 
In the small moths belonging to the genera Psyche and 
Solenobia there seems no doubt that parthenogenesis fre- 
quently occurs ; and, indeed, the male of Psyche helix is not 
yet known. As, however, in the Aphides and Coccide, so 
also in this group, many differences of habit occur in different 
species; thus in 8S. ¢riqguetella parthenogenesis appears to 
occur much less frequently than in S. lichenedla. 
The generative organs of these little moths are formed on 
the same type as those of other female Lepidoptera, and even 
possess a spermatheca. Neither is there anything in the 
mode of formation or structure, of the eggs to indicate their 
agamic nature. Not only do they possess a germinal vesicle 
and vitellogenous cells, but they are also provided with a 
micropyle consisting of sixteen to eighteen radiating canals, 
and are therefore probably capable of impregnation, lke the 
pseud-ova of bees. 

On the Recent Foraminifera of Great Britain. By Wiir1aM 
Craurorp Wiutiamson, F.R.S. London: Ray Society. 
Tue publication of Professor Williamson’s work is a 
triumph for the microscope that we must not pass over 
without notice. This beautiful volume, which has been pub- 
lished by the Ray Society presents for the first time, to the 
British naturalist a full account of the living Foraminifera 
