1910] Chapman — Scolytus multistriatus Marsh 67 
to another dish as had been done with the previous pairs. They 
immediately began work again as if they had never been disturbed. 
The manner of excavating the egg galleries and the direction in 
which they are always made leave a characteristic marking by which 
the species can always be recognized. ‘This peculiarity is more strik- 
ingly brought out when compared with the egg galleries of the other 
species ({Tylesinus opaculus) Leconte shown on plate IV, figure 11. 
In this American species the mother gallery is two-armed and is always 
made across the grain of the wood. The adult multistriatus beetles 
are small, 2 to 3 mm. long. ‘Thorax black, shining, somewhat longer 
than broad; elytra pitchy red; antennae and legs light-brown; elytra 
with close finely punctured striae; abdomen thickly covered with 
hairs, and viewed sidewise there is a strong horizontal projection on 
the second segment of the abdomen, which is peculiar to this species. 
(See plate IV, figs. 7 and 8.) The male is somewhat smaller than the 
female, with the front flat and thickly covered with hairs. The female 
has a convex front covered with few hairs, and on the third and fourth 
segments of the abdomen are prominent toothed projections. ‘The 
larvae are scolytoid in character (see plate IV, fig. 6). As soon as they 
hatch the larvae eat their way into the surrounding wood at approxi- 
mately right angles to the mother gallery (see plate V, fig. 10). When 
they become full-grown they pupate at the end of their burrow. ‘This 
takes place according to the European accounts about the first week in 
May, or a little later. ‘The adult beetles make their appearance in 
June and July. ‘They come forth at this time in such numbers, says 
Eichhoff, that large, apparently healthy elms are attacked and com- 
pletely destroyed in one season. 
Since this species is so destructive and our experience with it is so 
limited, the following remarks, taken from European literature, ought 
to interest all those who desire to aid in the preservation of our shade 
elms. 
In order to prevent an attack of the bark-beetle it is necessary to 
remove all centers of infestation from which they might spread to 
sound trees. Just how feasible this may prove to be depends, of 
course, on the local circumstances, but whatever care is exercised in 
other ways, it is very unlikely that much good will be done in lessening 
attack, so long as the mexcusable practice prevails of leaving trunks 
of infested elms standing, with the bark still on them, when this con- 
tains thousands of grubs which will shortly change to perfect beetles 
