1910] Frost—Notes on Elaphrus cicatricosus PASE 
that the first specimen was driven out by stepping on a piece of 
stick that was partly buried in the mud. This method of throwing 
water is usually very successful in driving out specimens of Heter- 
ocerus, Staphylinidee, Bembidium and other Carabidee, but has 
not worked very well with any Elaphrus except ruscarius. 
After the dipper gave out I began treading around all the 
likely looking places along the brook and before long drove two 
specimens out at once. These were the last seen although I 
continued the work until the approach of darkness put an end 
to the hunt which proved also to be the last one in this locality 
for the summer. The success of the three hours hard and careful 
work in this ideal haunt of cicatricosus shows that it is either very 
rare or the season was not right for it. 
The first specimen taken in Massachusetts was at Sherborn on 
May 10, 1908, and was driven out by suddenly letting water 
from a flooded cranberry bog down the bed of a small brook. 
Two more specimens were taken here in the same way May 15, 
1910. The bed of this brook is shaded by bushes and alders at 
the place where they were found and is wet and muddy until late 
summer when it entirely dries out. All efforts to find specimens 
here at other times have failed. 
It may be of interest to note that five specimens of Elaphrus 
clairvillet Kirby were taken in the densely shaded bed of a brook 
which, although it attains a fairly large size in the spring months, 
was then dry and grown up to grass and weeds. This was on 
September 6, 1907. The specimens were disturbed by the feet of 
a party of surveyors and were discovered where the grass had been 
removed. All persuasive methods known to me _ failed to 
induce specimens to appear in this place until August 27, 1910, 
when I secured three of them by removing the grass and driving a 
trowel into the ground at short intervals. They would suddenly 
appear and remain motionless until an attempt was made to pick 
then up. I do not know whether they came out of the ground 
(which was filled with holes like those made by a woodcock), or 
were simply hiding in the grass, but I am rather inclined to accept 
the former alternative. 
