QUARTERLY CHRONICLE. 33 



species) are produced from tlie spores and germinal filaments 

 of yarious fungi — amongst wlrich are enumerated Mucor, 

 PeniciUium, Botrytis, Torida, Manilia, Asperyillum, Septo- 

 sjjorium, Arthrobotrys, Acremomum, and VerticiUiuni. 



In Madame Liiders' experiments on the cultivation upon 

 the stage of the microscope, either under a covering-glass or 

 in the moist chamber, all the glasses employed, both thin 

 and thick, Avere previously purified from all organic germs, 

 by exposure to a strong heat in the spirit lamp ; and in order 

 to avoid both the drying of the preparation- and the admis- 

 sion of foreign germs, they Avere kept under a glass bell, 

 secured by water. 



In cases where it was intended to kill the spores by dry 

 heat, they were kept for fifteen to thirty minutes at a tempe- 

 rature of 160° C, for Madame Liiders has seen them germi- 

 nate after they had been heated to only 100°, when placed 

 for some days in flesh- or sugar-water. 



The experiment farther consisted in the sowing in test- 

 glasses, prepared as above stated, and filled with boiled flesh- 

 water, at the moment they were taken from the boiling 

 apparatus, the s2)0res of the various /««^i above enumerated, 

 taken by means of forceps which had previously been heated 

 to redness ; the tubes were then closed Avith varnish. Sec. 

 When the tubes thus prepared were placed, immediately 

 after the sowing, into the warm bath, a cloudiness was often 

 observed in the fluid in the course of a few hours, and within 

 twenty-four hours they always swarmed Avith Vibriones, 

 Avhilst at the same time the contents of a similar tube, con- 

 taining the same fluid, and prepared in precisely the same 

 Avay, but into Avhich no spores had been introduced, remained 

 unchanged. 



The Vibriones produced in this Avay by direct germination 

 from the spores oi fungi differ in no respect from those which 

 are commonly found in putrescent fluids. 



Madame Liiders is induced to believe that the blood of 

 living animals contains Vibriones, either in the catenated form 

 or in that of the constituent granules ; but during life, and 

 until putrescency commences, these are always quiescent, 

 and shoAv no signs of actiA-e existence. 



An experiment, by Professor liensen, in support of this 

 opinion, is thus described : 



The extremity of a glass-tube, bent in the form of a W 

 Avith the ends draAvn out, and quite closed, and Avhich had 

 been exposed for half an hour to 200° C, Avas thrust into the 

 heart of a recently killed guinea pig, and then broken off". 

 After the blood had been sucked into the tube from the 



VOL. Vm. — NEAV SER. C 



