1914] Forbes—The North American Families of Lepidoptera 59 
19, 
20. 
20. 
21. 
21. 
22. 
22. 
23. 
23. 
Q4 
Hind wing with two well-developed anals...................--0.s-0000- 20 
M> from middle of end of cell in both wings, or obsolete, fore wing in northern 
SPECIES Withy LEnKOr ClEVeln VEMS ae 4 < -/.1aah ofan s slow eles statins ee Fo ae « 21 
M> distinctly associated with radial stem, in one, and usually in both wings; 
lower discocellular vein often obsolete, with at least a trace of. a humeral 
WTI es 0 PIAL BS On ODOT Oe Cn OND OO CAE Rr Ee rr 22 
Awhumerale vem) in) hind) witifs-cecsre..-res ces. Erycinide (Itiodinide) 
IN@: lnmea PENS Sores ces odor oo Opicicarrt.e crc ocr ataenn ae econ Lycm[nipma 
Butterfly walking on four legs (except female of Hypatus), radius five-branched, 
Mipiromiy celleesew ts ne ee eete yer dann ss chert aeahays crates eee NyYMPHALID& 
Butterfly using all its legs for walking, radius usually four-branched, M: stalked 
THAIN Tbs 85 8 ois Ste Sento nen ONPe Conn rG CROC ORO Mec Nae l ete Aer Pear PIERIDz 
Our species very stout and two inches or more in expanse, the hind wings rarely 
reaching beyond middle of abdomen, Se and R of hind wing connected at 
the middle of the cell or rather before by a vein (R:) which is as strong as 
any; and then closely parallel to end of cell or beyond.......... SPHINGIDA 
Wings proportionately larger, Se and R rarely connected by a strong cross vein, 
andnitssOmstronsivedivergentipeyondeiberss ens aed ele ele eiicl ciel Q4 
Se and R separate, but connected bya more or less distinct cross-vein; accessory 
cell fused with discal cell, but with the line of separation (Ri-+s) indicated 
by a slight thickening, starting from an angulation in the stem of R; species 
underoneunchsinfexpanseasere cases ses eee eee ade: a few TINnEINA 55 
24. Accessory cell separated by a full-sized vein, or completely absent......... 25 
25. Cu of fore wing apparently three-(in a couple of Lithosians two-) branched. .26 
Pom Cnoftore winesapparentlysftour-brancheder «meee ae) erences oi eeel ae ae 40 
AG, Jdirerial linea arora eW eec a iolp ois gicd ol too eid Ga ae Ma ole OU ner oe ice eco Q7 
26. Frenulum rudimentary (less then one fifteenth length of hind wings) or absent 33 
Se and R fused from base of hind wing beyond middle, swollen at the base, 
then rapidly diverging; very slender................. LirHosiip in part 
. Se and R separate at extreme base, then closely approximate or fused a greater 
OL easrishan Ceniart ecu aie ep E Va  hcke ese cede. 8s ad ore eres 28 
. Seand R sharply divergent from close to base ..... .. URANtmDa2 (EPIPLEMIN2) 
. Stout-bodied moths, the thorax at least a sixth as wide as length of fore wings 
29 
. SIEGE Tro gat eer 1) Ge REA eS ea eeie DRUG Om cer ERSETS once ace eam 32 
. A strong brace vein from an angle near base of Se to root of frenulum 
GEOMETRID® in part 
. Se moderately thickened and curved at base........4.......0000eeeeeeee 30 
fe Culapparentlysthinee-branched im hind) wings sess. ca0ee. seo sees oes... 31 
. Cu apparently four-branched in hind wing...................... THYATIRIDE 
. Tongue wholly absent, the northern species with hyaline subterminal spots 
Evupreroripa (APATELODINA) 
. Tongue distinct, usually strong; wings fully sealed............. NoropontiD 
. Tympanic opening at base of abdomen small and subdorsal, Ist A usually 
partly present, Se of hind wing slightly bent at base and but little enlarged; 
the humeral angle not expanded. Usually with Ms and Cu: stalked in both 
PALATE aha 6 htc souds oStcd cold Oey ache CI Soe eae Eto ohn Dioptide 
