44 Odoriferous Glands 



supracoxalia (orificia glandiilarum Krohnii) fortasse credideris, sed nullam earum aperturam 

 detegere potui, et ex cute iiitida dura leviter couvexa constare videntur, quae baud dubie 

 cornea oculi est." Guided by the communication of Dr. Purcell, wbich we have mentioned 

 in the preface, it was of course easy for us to ascertain the real state of things, amongst 

 other means by finding the glands both in Stylocellus Beccarii (og in PI. I., fig. 1 s) and 

 in PurceUia illustrans. The glands are rather large, the dimensions being in S. Beccarii 

 1-13 by 0'63 and U45 mm., and they resemble most nearly a .short bag with thick 

 sides and a rather long neck, which is prolonged through the conical protuberance just 

 described, and opens at the top of the lattei-. The orifice itself has the form of a fissure 

 placed aslant of the longitudinal axis of the body, the anterior extremity being nearer to 

 the middle line than the posterior extremity. In PurceUia the fissure is easily detected 

 (PI. III., fig. 4 h) when the top of one of the cones is cut off and placed under the 

 microscope ; but in Stylocellus Beccani (PI. I., fig. 1 e) and in Siro duricorius (PL IV., 

 fig. 3 h) it is by no means easy to see the fissure on a microscopical preparation on account 

 of the light colour of the surrounding chitine. In Pettalus cimiciformis, which we have 

 not had an opportunity of dissecting, it is fairly easily seen ; and in the majority of species 

 we succeeded as a rule b}' means of a powerful magnifier in seeing a small furrow, which 

 indicates the place of the fissure. In Ogovia the area which surrounds the orifice of the 

 odoriferous gland has no resemblance to an eye ; conus foetidus, which is depressed towards 

 the top, shows a large fis.sure which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of 

 the body right across the top of the cone'. Coni foetidi are never placed on the very 

 edge of cephalothorax, though in Stylocellus, Ogovia, Siro, and Parasiro, they stand so near 

 its lateral margin, that the base of the cone touches it, but in Pettalus and PurceUia they 

 stand far from the edge. We regret being unable to give any information about the structure 

 of the glandular stratum of the odoriferous gland, because the state of preservation of our 

 specimens did not admit of a proper colouring of the nuclei. 



In Laniatores the openings of the odoriferous glands are always situated just inside the 

 border of cephalothorax and have generallj' the form of a fissure differently shaped in various 

 genera ; generally the fissure is narrow and placed a little slantingly across the longitudinal 

 direction of the body ; the surrounding space is often slightly convex (see Sorenseu b, PI. II., 

 fig. 22) ; in some cases it is partly or even completely hidden by small processes on coxa^. 



In Ischyropsalidoidie and most genera of Phalangioidee the orifice is easily seen and 

 always in the shape of a longitudinal fissure placed in a slightly cup-shaped area of which 

 the margin is pretty firmly chitinized, on or close to the lateral border of cephalothorax. 

 Generally this area and the opening are large, but in Ischyropsalidoidae, Leiobunum, Gagrella 

 and allied genera they are rather small. In Sclerosoma and congeners, for instance in 

 Mastohunus, in Nemastomatoidse and Troguloidae the openings of the odoriferous glands 

 are hidden. We have examined a representative of each of these types. In Mastohunus 

 tuberculifer Luc. the opening is a very small fissure placed in the lateral edge of cephalo- 

 thorax which is bent perpendicularly downwards, and it is hidden because the upper portion 

 of the free distal part of the first coxa protrudes strongly upwards. In Nemastoma lugubre 

 O. Fr. Mtiller, the opening is clearly discernible only when the first coxa is removed ; it 

 is then seen that a very small portion of the dorsal shield, above the free extremity of 



' Something similar is probably the case in '•Siro" vi/phopselaplius, as Joseph who established the species 

 (c, p. 20) says that it is without eyes (" augenlos"). 



