Ovipositor ill Laniatores and Palpatores 53 



rolled up in numerous windings (PI. I., fig. 1 m, v), which fill the space ou the ventral side 

 of the alimentary cana! between the diverticula of the latter. In this respect Cyphoph- 

 thalnii agree with Laniatores' whilst differing from Palpatores''. There are two points, 

 however, which are not unessential and with regard to which Cyphophthalmi offer peculiarities 

 constituting a difference from what occurs in the two other sub-orders. In these latter 

 the distal portion of vesicida seminalis is narrowed and the first part of the narrowed 

 portion is developed as a pars ejaculatoria, the wall of the canal, which in Palpatores is 

 chitinized, being surrounded by fairly powerful musclesl This pars ejaculatoria is not 

 developed in Cyphophthalmi, nor is the distal portion of vesicula seminalis here abruptly 

 narrowed. But the distal e.xtremity of vesicula seminalis is furnished with two blind 

 appendices, which are not found either in Laniatores or in Palpatores. These rather 

 elongated appendices (PI. V., fig. 2 o, k and k') are united with and open into vesicula 

 seminalis just behind the base of penis. We have, unfortunately, not been able to make 

 out the function of these appendices with any certainty. 



Ovipositor is, at any rate in the large majority of Laniatores, a proportionally very 

 short^ and thick oigan (PI. VI., fig. 8 and 9) ; it is not articulated, but the rather soft 

 wall is irregularly folded transversally when the organ is not in use. At the end it is 

 divided into two lateral lips together cari'ying ten setas which are bent inwards to- 

 wards the middle, viz. si.x on the dorsal and four on the ventral parti Of the two most 

 peculiar families amongst Laniatores, viz. Oncopodoidas and Triajnonychoidte, we have examined 

 the ovipositor in three genera by means of dissection. We found that it deviates from 

 the structure generally met with in Laniatores only in one feature, viz. the number of 

 setae. In Pelitnus sp. (of the fam. Oncopodoidse) thirty short almost aculeiform curved set» 

 are arranged in a whorl which is interrupted above, below, and on both sides. In Triieno7ii/x 

 Valdiviensis W. S.'^ fourteen long and thick setae ai-e arranged in a whorl rather distant from 

 the end of ovipositor. In the ovipositor of Acumontia echinata Poc. two short aculeiform 

 setae are placed near the apex, and at some distance from it between thirty and forty long 

 setae are arranged in a whorl which is rather irregular, being in some places approximately 

 double and broadly interrupted on both sides (PI. VI., fig. 10). 



In Palpatores ovipositor is more or less long and its distal portion always cleft in the 

 middle plane. It presents, however, two rather different types, and we must therefore deal 

 with it at greater length. In Phalangioidae ovipositor is a long tube, generally a little 

 shorter than half the length of the body : it is composed of rings varying in number in 

 different species' and connected with each other by means of very much softer skin. 



' See Sorensen {h). preserved iu spirit of wine. 



- In reality the structure is known only in Phalangioida; ^ In Cosmetun and Gotujleptes (seusu latiore) the seta" are 



through the authors mentioned, and iu Nemastomatoidse placed ou rounded longitudinal ridges separated by rather 



through Lubbock. deep folds, of which those that cross the extreme part of the 



' In those Laniatores where the structure of these parts organ are the most marked, but in Maracaitdus E. S. no such 



is known, these muscles are annular ; in most Palpatores folds are found. 



they have a spiral course (see de Graaf, pp. 46, 47, PI. XIII. « We have to thank Prof. Dr Kraepeliu for the permission 



fig. 62), but in Nemastoma argenteo-lunulatum E. S. they are to examine this form. 



annular, and in Platybiinus cornicjer Herm. the last fibres " According to de Graaf the numbers of these joints- 

 have that course. apart from the cleft extremity— are : 3.5—40 in Phahiiic,ium 



* That is to say, when the organ is iu situ. Of course it opilio, 30-3-5 iu Ph. parietinum, and 19 in Leiohunmn rotun- 



appears much longer when protruding together with the rf«m.— In G«/;rf (ta »i/H«.r there are 29 joints and in .S'cicrojfOHia 



sheath surrounding it, as is often the case with specimens monoceros 14. 



