56 Receptacula seminis 



(Maracandus) reticulata E. S. of the family Assamioidse, and Pelitnus sp. of the family 

 Oncopodoid*. These forms are representatives of main-types of the sub-order Laniatores 

 in the restricted sense proposed by Loman (on the family Triffinonychoidfe, the type on 

 which Loman founded his sub-order Insidiatores, we shall speak separately below). In these 

 Laniatores a transverse section of the interior lumen of more than the proximal half of 

 ovipositor is shaped as a star with four long rays ; eight receptacula are arranged in a 

 whorl at the front end of the posterior fourth or third of the lumen ; they originate near 

 the outer end of the rays named, one receptaculum on each side of the end (PI. VI., 

 fig. 11). The receptacula are often large oblong or elongate sacs, sometimes smaller and 

 less oblong. It must, however, be added that in Pachyloides — but only in that form — we 

 found besides six small receptacula, three on each side between two rays, in advance of 

 the large ones, and the smallest one of these three placed in front of the two others 

 (PL VI., fig. 11, rs'). In Pelitnus we saw sixteen proportionally small receptacula which 

 at least apparently were independent, but in the two specimens examined the ovipositor 

 was, unfortunately, in a very bad state of preservation (the .specimens having been desiccated 

 at an earlier pei'iod), and for this reason we have been unable to decide with absolute 

 certainty whether the sixteen receptacula are really separate from each other or whether each 

 pair may be connected as in Acumontia. Furthermore we examined ovipositor of Acumontia 

 echinata Poc. belonging to the familj' Trisenouychoidse ; it contains eight receptacula in a 

 basal whorl (PI. VI., fig. 13), but each consists of a larger proximal and a smaller slightly 

 more distal oblong sac, and tlie verj' short duct from each of these two sacs opens into 

 a somewhat longer common duct (PI. VI., fig. 13, 7-sd). This result being quite different from 

 the above-mentioned statement of Loman it was of importance to us to examine another 

 representative of the family in question, and through the courtesy of Prof K. Kraepelin 

 we had the good fortune to study the ovipositor of Truenonyx Valdiviensis W. S. In this 

 form we found eight receptacula shaped as oblong posteriorly widened sacs which are arranged 

 in a sub-basal whorl (PL VI., fig. 12) quite as in the majority of the above-named Laniatores. 

 We may add that a muscular layer with transverse fibres surrounds more than the basal 

 half of ovipositor beneath the skin and covers the receptacula (PL VI., fig. 12); whilst 

 essentially longitudinal muscles occupy the space between each pair of receptacula on the same 

 side, receptacula thus belonging to two different rays. Finally we may remark that in our 

 study of the receptacula in Palpatores and Laniatores we were not anxious to look for such 

 accessory glands as are known in Phalangioidag ; in order to undertake that investigation a 

 considerably greater material \\ould have been required. 



In Cyphophthalmi ovipositor is not thick enough to hinder a person acquainted with 

 receptacula seminis in the other Opiliones from seeing that they are found also here. 

 We have indicated them (in the left blade of forceps) on our figures of the ovipositors 

 which we have examined, viz. those of Purcellia, Si>-o, and Parasiro. We have not been 

 able in our preparations from specimens preserved in spirit to ascertain their outline with 

 perfect certainty, but we believe that we may venture to say that they resemble mostly 

 those which occur in Phalangioidag ; but whether they are equipped with accessory glands 

 we do not know. 



De Graaf has shown (figs. 119 and 120 amongst others) as regards Phalangioidae, that 

 when at rest ovipositor is enclosed within two chitinous sheaths. We liad on examination 

 found the same to be the case in Nemastoma and Trogulus, and it may therefore be 



