208 MEMORANDA. 
hand lens. In the ripe berry the raphides generally occur 
naked, either singly or in the characteristic bundles, destitute 
of a cell-wall. 
Aracee.—But the raphis-cells are so large and plain in the 
berry of Arwn maculatum, and thus continue for a long while 
in its ripe state, as to afford as good an example for the study 
of the development, form, and relations of the raphis-cells as 
the berry of the Tamus is for the examination of the separate 
yaphides. And, in this point of view, these very common 
berries are well worthy of the attention of teachers and pupils. 
In the woodcut, fig. 3, it will be seen that some of the raphis- 
cells of Arum are nearly ;!,th of an inch in length and +j,th 
in breadth. 
Asparagacee.—This is propably a true raphidiferous order ; 
for, though I have not examined the exotic species, I have 
found raphides in all the British plants (except Matanthemum, 
which I have not seen). In Asparagus officinalis raphides 
occur throughout the plant, and at all periods of its growth, 
from the first leaf-bud to the ripe berry.—Annals of Nat. 
Hist., Nov., 1863. 
Orchidacee.—We have already seen raphides abounding 
generally throughout these plants in the only four British 
species examined. Hence it appeared interesting to extend 
the inquiry to the exotic species, and especially to the 
epiphytes of the order, which I have been enabled to do 
through the courtesy of Dr. Hooker and Mr. J. De Carle 
Sowerby. The following are notes of parts of fresh plants 
received on January 26th and February 6th :— Jsochilus 
linearis : raphides very scanty in leaves ‘and stem, but very 
plentiful in bundles in the fleshy root, without starch ; 
dotted chains of cells in stem. Sobralia macrantha: raphides 
rather numerous in stem, leaves, and the parts of fructifica- 
tion. Calanthe vestita: raphides abundant in scape, bracts, 
petals, and other parts of fructification (no leaf examined) ; 
hairs of scape jointless, and not glandular. Dendrobrium 
nobile: raphides abundant iu very young leaves, less so in 
old leaves and stem, and very rare in the root. D. pulchel- 
lum: bundles of raphides in the stem and fleshy leaves, and 
very rare in the root. Leaf of another Dendrobium : raphides 
rather scanty, but large. Leaf of Aérides odorata: several 
bundles of raphides, but not abounding.’ Bit of leaf of 
Trichotosia (a section of Eria): bundles of large raphides 
abundant in cells, and numberless smaller raphides in the 
field of vision; hairs of leafred, smooth, jointless, swollen at 
base, and not glandular. Schomburghia crispa: bundles of 
