1915] Nininger — The Moidhparts of Orihoptera 13 



form; following, except last, moniliform, enlarging and becoming quadrate. Pos- 

 terior ocelli as far from one another as from the eye-margin, each connected to the 

 eye-margin by a raised line. Pronotum with a series of large punctures along its 

 posterior edge. Mesonotum shining, almost impunctate; parapsidal furrows com- 

 plete, converging behind, of equal width throughout; lateral lobes of mesonotum 

 scarcely depressed; a deep foveate impression in front of the tegula. Scutellum 

 with two large hoof-shaped fovese at base, at apex with two small circular ones. 

 Metathorax with a carina in the shape of an inverted V. Petiole twice as long as 

 broad, with three strong longitudinal carinse above,and a weaker lateral one, marking 

 off four shallow grooves; second segment with the base raised and medially notched 

 from behind; its median furrow extending nearly to the middle. Pro- and meso- 

 pleurae smooth and shining, each margined by a raised line; metapleura pubescent, 

 coarsely reticulate. Legs stout. Wings strongly pubescent, except at extreme 

 base. 



One female from Independencia, Parahyba, Brazil, Mann and 

 Heath. 



This species resembles G. sulcaticeps Kieffer, differing by its 

 larger size, longer petiole, shorter first and second flagellar joints 

 and longer scape. In certain lights the front shows a trace of the 

 median lanceolate area present in sulcaticeps. 



NOTE ON THE MOUTHPARTS OF ORTHOPTERA. 



By H. H. Nininger, 



Palmera College, Lordsburg, California. 



This paper is presented for the purpose of calling attention to 

 an error which appears in some of our most widely used text- 

 books on general zoology and entomology, as well as in other 

 works which deal with the anatomy of Orthoptera. 



For several years I have noticed the error, and always find it 

 necessary to warn students against the tendency to see and draw 

 the mouthparts of the "grasshopper" as they appear in the text- 

 book instead of drawing them correctly from the specimen. For 

 the draw ings commonly used in text-books are not only anatomi- 

 cally incorrect, but are also unreasonable. For example, if one 

 refers to Lang's Comparative Anatomy, Part 1, p. 440; or to Parker 

 and Haswell, Vol. 1., p. 621, one finds the mandibles of the Blat- 

 tidse represented as two organs identical in form; each bearing 

 three sharp-pointed teeth, which are arranged in exactly corres- 



