364 R. R. BENSLEY. 



plasmic cells^ which secrete both acid and pepsin. In sections 

 stained in the rauchsemateiu solution of Mayer, the muci- 

 genous border of the cylindrical cells of the surface and the 

 whole of the large vesicular neck cells stain intensely, indi- 

 cating beyond doubt that the latter are mucin-secreting cells. 

 Langley ^ has shown that during digestion these cells exhibit 

 the usual secretion changes. 



The pyloric glands of the frog are made up of only two 

 kinds of cells, those of the body and those of the duct. The 

 former bear so strong a resemblance to the large mucus- 

 secreting neck cells of the fundus glands, that one cannot 

 avoid the conclusion, with Partsch, that they are of the same 

 nature. They, too, stain intensely in muchsematein. 



It is generally admitted that the two main kinds of cell of 

 the mammalian fundus gland are the result of the differentia- 

 tion of the one kind found in the body of the gland of lower 

 Vertebrates. The view advanced by Oppel,^ that the mucous 

 neck cells of batrachian and reptilian glands correspond to the 

 chief cells of the mammalian gland has been, however, the 

 only attempt to find in the glands of mammals a morphological 

 equivalent for these peculiar cells. 



My studies have enabled me to establish what has hitherto 

 been unsuspected, namely, that there exists in the fundus 

 glands of many mammals cells which are morphologically and 

 physiologically equivalent to the mucous neck cells of the 

 batrachian gland, and that the same relationship exists between 

 these and the pyloric gland-cells as obtains in the Anura. 



These cells in the neck of the gland have received little 

 attention from histologists owing to their small size, and to 

 their being overshadowed by the large and numerous border 

 cells of this region of the gland ; they are generally regarded 

 as small pepsin-secreting chief cells. 



The fact that they are different from the cells lower down 

 in the gland has not, however, entirely escaped notice. 

 Bizzozero ^ noticed in the dog that the chief cells of the neck 



^ ' Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc./ vol. clxxii. 



* * Anat. Anzeig.,' Bd. xi. 



* ' Arch. f. mik. Auat.,' Bd. xlii. 



