Tertiary. | PALZONTOLOGY OF VICTORIA. [Mammalia. 
Priates LII. ann LIII. 
PROCOPTODON GOLIAH (Ow.). 
[Genus PROCOPTODON* (Ow.). (Sub-kingd. Vertebrata. Class Mammalia. Order 
Marsupialia. Fam. Macropodide.) 
Gen. Char.—Large vacuities in palatet opposite d‘ to m?; dental formula as in Macropus. 
Molars with a more complex enamel ridging of grinding surface than in Macropus; the two 
lobes separated by a valley, and each with a more elliptical transverse section ; prebasal ridge 
narrow, descending from fore part of outer angle of front-lobe inwards to fore part of base of 
inner half of front-lobe, disappearing before reaching inner side of that lobe ; fore-link indi- 
cated by a vertical ridge nearer to outer than inner end of front of front-lobe, numerous smaller 
vertical grooves and ridges marking rest of fore surface : the hind surface of front-lobe with a 
concavity bounded by two obtuse ridges going downwards and inwards from the outer and inner 
ends of the ridge of the front-lobe ; in this hollow two sharp ridges of enamel descend into the 
mid-valley, the outer one or “ mid-link”’ extending with a sinuous curve to the ridge of the hind- 
lobe ; the inner ridge shorter ; hind surface of hind-lobe nearly like that of fore-lobe ; the inner 
of the two submedian ridges or hind-link expanding below into the prominent convexity of the 
base, the outer ridge smaller; a sharp vertical plate of enamel extends inwards from the outer 
bounding ridge of the middle concavity, on which are some smaller ridges ; the base is swollen 
and smooth. The crown of the premolar p* is a little less in length than the next tooth d*; 
it is thicker transversely than in Macropus, and has a broad working surface with complex 
enamel transverse ridging between the outer and inner ridges, indicating a tooth for pounding 
(not dividing as in Macropus), as the generic name implies: the height and width of the back 
part of crown of p* are about equal; the outer side having three conical vertical ridges, the 
apex of first forming anterior prominent end of outer ridge of the crown; the apex of second 
about middle of same ridge, and the third not reaching up to it; the fore part of the tooth is 
smaller and separated by a transverse depression from the lower and narrower front end of the 
inner ridge, which joins the outer one by a transverse ridge at the hinder end, representing the 
hind-lobe of the other molars, and having its hind surface slightly similarly ridged; the 
Follows) surface between the bounding ridges has sharp transverse enamel ridges and deep 
ollows. 
Description.—( Young).—Lower jaws with three deciduous and only two true 
molars in place (the last molar m* being below the surface, and placed obliquely 
to the line of the others) afford the following measurements :—Entire molar series 
from front edge of the anterior deciduous molar d? to hind edge of second or last 
molar in place m”, 3 inches 8 lines: antero-posterior length of anterior deciduous 
molar d?, 43 lines; greatest width behind, about the same: length of second 
deciduous molar d*, 64 lines; greatest width behind, 53 lines: length of third 
deciduous molar d4, 9 lines; width, 64 lines: length of fourth molar, or first 
true molar m!, 93 lines; width, 7 lines: length of fifth molar, or second true 
molar m?, 11 lines; width, 74 lines: antero-posterior length of the imbedded 
premolar p?, 7 lines. Incisors with an ovate section at base, 54 lines in vertical 
diameter and 34 lines in transverse diameter; greatest width of enamelled crown, 
53 lines; length, 9 lines. Length of diastema from front edge of anterior deciduous 
molar to base of enamelled crown of incisor, 1 inch 2 lines; dental foramen 3 lines 
below upper edge of diastema, and 5 lines from front of anterior molar d? mea- 
sured obliquely. The depth of the jaw vertically under the front of anterior molar 
d?, 2 inches; depth under first true molar m', 1 inch 6 lines; thickness at 
* TIp0, before; xémrw, to pound; ddovdc, a tooth. 
+ Not found in the large Kangaroos of the genera Macropus and Osphranter, but in some 
small Halmaturus and Petrogale. 
DEC. VI. [ 9 il B 
