SOME EARLY MAMMALS 261 
the borders of an old lake of Miocene age. The Brontops was a 
heavy, massive animal, larger than any of the Dinocerata, with a 
length of twelve feet, not including the tail, and a height of eight 
feet. The limbs are shorter than those of the elephant, which 
it nearly equalled in size. Ag in the tapir, there were four toes 
to the front limbs, and three to the hind limbs. Its skull was of 
Fic. 98.—Side and top views of skull of Titanotheriwm, from Miocene 
strata, North America. 
a peculiar shape, shallow, and very large. That of Brontops 
ingens is thirty-six inches long, and twenty inches between the 
tips of the two horns, or protuberances. The creature was 
probably provided with an elongated, flexible nose, like that of 
the tapir, but not longer, because the length of the neck shows 
that it could reach the ground without the aid of a trunk such as 
