SYNOPSIS OF THE BRITISH STRATA. 25 
Obs.—The marine are often associated with fresh-water deposits, 
and the general characters of the Tertiary system are alternations of 
marine and lacustrine strata. In England the most important Ter- 
tiary deposits are those of the London basin, the Isle of Sheppey, the 
south-western coasts of Sussex and Hampshire, the north of the Isle 
of Wight, and the eastern coasts of Essex, Norfolk, Suffolk. (Wond. 
p. 226.) 
Secondary Cyporhs. 
Tue Creracrous or CHALK Formation. (Word. p. 296). 
A marine formation, comprising a vast series of beds of 
limestone, sandstone, marl, and clay, &c. ; characterized by 
remains of extinct zoophytes, mollusks, cephalopods, echi- 
noderms, crustaceans, fishes, &c. ; lacertians, crocodilians, 
chelonians, and other extinct reptiles ; drifted coniferous and 
dicotyledonous wood and foliage, fuci, &ec. 
Subdivisions :— 
1. The Maestricht beds. Friable coralline and shelly limestones, 
with flints and chert. 
2. Upper Chalk, with flints ... .) Craieblanche of the French 
3. Lower Chalk, without flints. . . geologists. 
Pe Cnae Mork) wei. tly 3 as Crave tufeau. 
5. Firestone, Malm-rock, Upper 
Greensand, or Glauconite ... 
6. Galt, or Folkstone-marl..... Glauconie sableuse, 
Formationnéocomien;which 
is divided into XN. supé- 
rieur, the English upper 
divisions cf the Green- 
sand or Kentish rag; 
and WN. inférieur, the 
lower beds of sand and 
clay, of the southern 
shore of the Isle of 
Wight, at Atherfield.* 
Glauconte crayeuse. 
7. Shanklin, or Lower Greensand. 
* Another subdivision, with other names (chiefly derived from 
French localities), has lately been proposed by M. D’Orbigny ; which 
I notice with the more regret, since this eminent naturalist formerly 
