162 ECHINODERMATA—PELMATOZOA SUB-KINGDOM II 
the #. Radianal wanting. Costals one or two; the lower one frequently 
extended into a spine. Arms ten, short and heavy, uniserial or biserial. 
Kaskaskia Group and Coal Measures ; Mississippi Valley. 
Phialocrinus, Trautsch. Construction of anal area as in Graphiocrinus, but 
the mode of articulation between radials and brachials as in LHnerinus. 
Ventral sac small. Costals two; arms ten. Accompanies the preceding, 
and found also in Carboniferous Limestone of Russia. 
Ulocrinus, Miller and Gurley. Dorsal cup globular or cup-shaped. J5 
projecting beyond the column. J large; the posterior one variable in size, 
but hexagonal like the others. JA absent; kA large, occupying the full 
height of the &, and supporting the ventral sac. Arms unknown. Coal 
Measures ; North America. 
Erisocrinus, M. and W., and Stemmatocrinus, Trautsch., are without either 
IRA or radianal. The former has five minute infrabasals, which are covered 
by the stem; those of Stemmatocrinus are large and perfectly anchylosed so as 
to form a single plate. Certain Coal Measure species 
of Erisocrinus are scarcely distinguishable from Lncrinus 
liliiformis. Sub-Carboniferous and Coal Measures ; 
North America and Russia. 
[Encrinus, Miller. The description of this genus is 
retained in its original position under the drticulata. | 
Family 10. Agassizocrinidae. 
Wachsmuth and Springer. 
(Astylocrinidae, Roemer.) 
Base dicyclic. Dorsal cup eiongate, 
with massive plates, and enclosing an 
extremely narrow visceral cavity.  Infra- 
basals and basals very large ; the former 
“consisting of five elongate pieces, which 
form an almost solid semiovoid or semi- 
globose body. Radials very short, and 
proportionally smaller than the other 
plates of the cup. Anal and radianal 

Fig. 268. both present. Structure of tegmen and 
Agassizocrinus laevis, ventral sac unknown. Arms ten. Sub- 
Roemer sp. Kaskaskia ae Gy ar iferaie 
Group; Indiana. a, Crown, Fic. 269. Carboniferous. 
nat. size; b, Ventral aspect Scaphiocrinus multiplex, 4 OMe er hee ¢ gee 
of the coalesced infrabasal Trautsch. Upper part of LAL J ASSUZOCTUNUS, li oost (Astyloci UNUS, 
disc Bdeviey ofmne, Sub-Carboniforons; MO Roemer), (Fig, 268)... ‘There is evi 
dence that this form was fixed in its 
early stages by a stem, but subsequently became free-swimming. In the 
adult condition the scar where the column was attached, as well as the 
suture lines between the JB, became gradually obliterated by a secretion 
of caleareous matter over the whole surface of the plates. Restricted to 
the Kaskaskia Group of North America. 
[Reference may be made here to Jaekel’s recent Monograph, ‘‘ Beitriige zur _Kenntniss der 
palaeozoischen Crinoideen Deutschlands” (Palaeont. Abhandl. von Dames und Kayser, neue 
Folge, Bd. IIl.), 1895. Unfortunately this excellent memoir was not available before the 
present sheet was in print. —TRANS. ] 
