ORDER V CRINOIDEA—ARTICULATA 167 
the upper one is axillary, and supports the distichals. Union between the 2 
and first costals and between the axillary costals and first distichals is by 
muscular articulation ; the two costals and the two proximal distichals form 
br12 br 2 
A 
Seo Am 
lf) 
i 
i 

Fic. 278. 
Portions of the calyx and arms of Encrinus. «a, Interior 
of calyx; al, Exterior of same; b, Basal, upper surface ; 
r, Radial, inner surface ; 8, One of the uniserial, and f*, bi- 
serial arm-plates; both of them traversed by duplicate 

Fic. 277. dorsal canals; p, Pinnule ossicle (enlarged); br, First 
7 brachial, under surface; br12, First and second brachials 
Encrinus liliiformis, joined together; inside, seen from below; br!, First brachial, 
Miller. Muschelkalk ; upper surface, showing line of syzygial suture ; br2, Second 
Braunschweig. brachial (axillary), showing articular facets. 
a syzygy, with their apposed faces dotted. Arms ten, or exceptionally 
twenty ; uniserial at their lower ends, but rapidly becoming biserial. Upper 
and lower faces of stem-joints marked over their whole surface or only 
around their outer margins with : 
radiating striae. Central canal 
small, round. Abundant in the 
Trias, especially in the German 
Muschelkalk. The stem -frag- 
ments of F. liliiformis not infre- 
quently form massive beds of 
limestone (Trochitenkalk). 
Dadocrinus, v. Meyer. Like 
the preceding, but smaller, and 
with uniserial arms. ‘Trias. 
Holocrinus, Jaekel. ‘Trias. 





Family 2. Apiocrinidae. 
d’Orbigny. Fic. 279. 
=, ; Mee : Apiocrinus Parkinson, Schlotheim. Great Oolite; Ranville, 
Calyx unsymmetrical, composed Calvados. a, Calyx and upper stem-joints, viewed from the 
ee > 3 : side; b, Ventral aspect; c, Articular surface of one of the 
of heavy plates, Base pseudomono- vom joints (natural size), 
cyclic ; the infrabasals completely 
fused with the centrodorsal, but rarely visible within the basal ring. Basals five, 
radials five, occasionally separated by a few interbrachials. Tegmen composed of 
