262 MOLLUSCOIDEA—BRYOZOA SUB-KINGDOM V_ 
Family 3. Idmoneidae.  Busk. 
Zoaria forming free or adnate, variously compressed branches. Zowcial apertures 
rounded, more or less elevated, usually arranged in transverse rows on two faces of the 
branches ; sometimes the two faces are confluent. Dorsal surface of the branches without 
zowecia, but often occupied by numerous small tubular pores, which may also occur near the 
apertures. Sac-like ovicells with but a single opening. Ordovician to Recent. 
Idmonea, Lam. (Reptotubigera, Crisina, V’Orb.), (Fig. 416). Repent or erect, simple 
or branching. Branches usually triangular, two of the faces carrying the zoccial 
apertures, which are generally 
arranged in alternating transverse 
series. Jura to Recent. 
Bisidmonea, VOrb. Quadrate, 
simple, or branching stems, bear- 
ing zocecial apertures on all faces. 
Cretaceous. 
Filisparsa, VOrb. Branches 
compressed dorso-frontally ; aper- 
tures irregularly disposed ; other- 
wise like Jdmonea. Cretaceous, 

Fic. 416. Fie. 417. Filicavea and Filicrisina, 
; Protocrisina exigua, d°Oy 
Idmonea dorsata, Hagw. Upper Cre- Ulrich. Trenton VOrb. Cretaceous. . i 
taceous; Maestricht. A, Branch, 1/,. Group; Trenton, Hornera, Lam. Zoaria with 
B, Upper, and C, Lower side, highly N.Y. Branches ofa ¢, 3 . 
magnified. : é is large expansion, 12/). free or anastomosing, generally 
sub-cylindrical branches. Zocecial 
apertures more or less irregularly distributed. Cretaceous to Recent. 
Reticulipora and Retecava, VOrb. Zoaria reticulated ; branches greatly compressed 
laterally. Cretaceous. 
Bicrisina and Sulcocava, V@Orb, (Laterocava, d’Orb.) Cretaceous. 
Protocrisina, Ulrich (Fig. 417). Narrow, bifureating branches, celluliferous on one 
side only. Zocecia sub-tubular, with prominent circular apertures arranged in inter- 
secting diagonal series. Small pores, apparently communicating with interior of the 
zocecia, irregularly distributed over both faces of the branches. Ordovician. 
Family 4. Entalophoridae. Reuss. 
Zoaria ramose ; branches free, sub-cylindrical, with rounded and more or less promin- 
ently exserted zowcial apertures opening on all sides. 
(2) Without accessory or interstitial pores of any kind. 
Ordovician to Recent. 
Entalophora, Lam, (Pustulopora, Blv.), (Fig. 418). 
Zocecial tubes disposed about an imaginary axis, and 
with rounded, more or less prominent apertures. Jura 
to Recent. 
Spiropora, Lam. (Laterotubigera, VOrb.), (Fig. 419). 
Like the preceding, but apertures arranged in regular, 
spiral, or transverse linear series, and closely situated. : Fia, 419. 
Zocecial tubes disposed about a definite central axis or ee, _Spiropora_ ver- 
- Entalophora vir- ticillata, Goldf. 
axial tube. Jura to Recent. qula, Hagw. Upper Cretace- 
Mitroclema, Ulrich, Ordovician ; Clonopora, Hall, is eae Plauen, one pea 
Devonian ; Peripora, VOrb., Cretaceous, ee 
Diploclema, Ulrich. Similar to Entalophora, but with branches spreading in the 

