ORDER I CYCLOSTOMATA 269 
the upper slightly concave and celluliferous. Zocecia with slightly oblique, sub- 
circular apertures, radially arranged ; 
on the summits of low ridges. Very 
suggestive of Apsendesia. Certain 
Chazy species are composite, and allied 
to Ceramoporella, Ordovician, 
Spatiopora, Ulrich (Fig. 441). 
Zoaria forming thin crusts, especially 
on Orthoceras. Apertures irregular ; 
lunarium scarcely perceptible. Meso- 
pores, when present, chiefly in Tite, Cub 
maculae. Interspaces often with Spatiopora aspera, Ulr. Cincinnati Group ; Hamilton, O. 
large blunt spines (? acanthopores). a eta section. C, Tangential section ; all 
Ordovician. 
B G 

Family 10. Fistuliporidae. Ulrich. 
Zoaria massive, laminar, or ramose, the surface exhibiting at regular intervals “ maculae ” 
or “monticules” composed of clusters of vesicles and of zowcia slightly larger than the 
average. Lunarium more or less developed. Zoccial tubes never angular, thin-walled, and 
with horizontal diaphragms ; apertures closed by perforated operculum.  Interspaces occupied 
by vesicular tissue. Cell walls minutely porous. Silurian to Permian; climax in 
Devonian. 
Waagen and Wentzel have recently referred this family to the Corals (cf. ante, p. 105), but 
their reasons for doing so rest obviously upon insufficient observation. Not only are the 
members of this family derived from the Ceramoporidae, as noted above, which are undoubted 
Bryozoans, but some of them possess ovicells, thus abundantly proving their Bryozoan nature. 
Fistulipora, M‘Coy (Lichenalia, Thallostigma, Hall; Didymopora, Ulrich ; Dybow- 
skiella, Waag. and W.), (Fig. 442). Zoaria massive, lamellate, more rarely ramose, 
parasitic, or free ; under surface with wrinkled epitheca. 
Zocecia sub-radially arranged about the surface maculae ; 
apertures ovoid, sub-triangular, or pyriform, according 
to the degree in which the lunarium is developed ; 
interiorly with thin walls, and a small number of com- 
plete horizontal diaphragms. Interspaces smooth or 
granular, occupied internally by one or more series of 
vesicles. Common from Silurian to Sub-Carboniferous ; 
less frequent in Coal Measures 
and Permian. 
Cyclotrypa, Ulrich (n. gen. 
or sub-gen.), (Fig. 443). Like 
Fistulipora, but the lunarium 
obsolete, and zocecial tubes 
circular in transverse section. 
Devonian. Fist, communis and 
F. collina, Ulrich. f 
Eridopora, Ulrich (Pileotrypa, Fistulipora astrica, Ul. Eaten Nem wee: Tew, 
Hall). Zoaria thin, parasitic. Hamilton ; New Buffalo, Towa. Vertical ag tangential sections, 
Vee ath oblique, eae Tangential section, 14/;. /; (after Ulrich). 
triangular, or ovoid apertures. Lunarium very prominent. Niagara to Coal Measures. 
Chilotrypa, Ulrich (Coelocaulis, Hall). Zoaria small, ramose, with a narrow, 
irregularly contracting and expanding axial tube. Apertures elliptical, oblique, the 
lower margin thick and elevated, the wall thin above. Diaphragms few or absent. 

Fic. 443. 

Fic. 442. 
